Choong Yong Ahn is a distinguished Professor of Graduate School of International Studies at Chung-Ang University, Korea. He is also a Foreign Investment Ombudsman at Korea Trade and Investment Promotion Agency. He is also currently the member of the Presidential Council on National Competitiveness and a Member of Regulatory Reform Commission in South Korea. While on leave from Professorship of Economics, Chung-Ang University, he had also served as the President of the Korea Institute for International Economic Policy (KIEP) from 2002 to 2005, Chair of the APEC Economic Committee, and Chair of Board, Choheung Bank. He has maintained a keen interest in public policy, serving in positions such as Consultant to the World Bank, UNIDO Chief Technical Advisor to the Economic Planning Unit of Malaysia to design Malaysia’s industrial master plan, and has been the President of several academic societies in Korea including Korea International Economics Association, Korea Econometric Society, Korean Society of International Trade, Korea Development Economics Association, etc. Since receiving his Ph.D from Ohio State University in 1972, Dr. Ahn has published many articles in prestigious international journals and also published a few books.

Pravakar Sahoo is an Associate Professor at Institute of Economic Growth (IEG), Delhi University, India. Prior to joining IEG as Associate Professor (February 2009), he was working as senior fellow in Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), New Delhi. During last 13 years of teaching and research experience, he has worked and published more than 40 research papers in national and international journals such as Journal of International Trade and Economic Development, Journal of Policy Modeling, Journal of Developing Areas, Journal of Asian Economics, Journal of Asia Pacific Economies, International Economic Journal, Singapore Economic Review, Journal of Economic Policy Reforms, Economic and Political Weekly etc. on issues related to macroeconomics, development economics, international trade & investment, regional cooperation, infrastructure and FDI. He has carried out projects and acted as a consultant to various national and international agencies including Ministry of Finance and Commerce, Government of India, Asian Development Bank, Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI), Indo-Sastri Canadian Institute, Indira Gandhi Open University (IGNOU), Korea Institute for International Economic Relations (KIEP) and East West Center, USA. Further, he teaches macroeconomics to high-level government officials and policy makers like Indian economic service and Indian statistical service officers.

Choong Yong Ahn (co-editor)

Tamal Bandyopadhyay

ChoongJae Cho

Changsu Kim

Joon-Kyung Kim

Rajiv Kumar

Chang Ho Kwag

Suresh P. Prabhu

Pravakar Sahoo (co-editor)

Ajay Shankar

N.S. Sisodia

Jo Johnson is the Member of Parliament for Orpington, UK. He is an elected member of the Public Accounts Committee and Deputy-Chairman of the Indo-UK All Party Parliamentary Group. Prior to his election in May 2010, he worked for 12 years at the Financial Times in a number of roles, including Associate Editor, Editor of the Lex Column, South Asia Bureau Chief and Paris Correspondent. He remains a Contributing Editor at the FT. A graduate of Balliol College, Oxford, he has additional degrees from the Institut d’Etudes Européennes in Brussels and from INSEAD. 

Rajiv Kumar is Secretary-General, Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI), New Delhi. He is the former Director and Chief Executive, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), one  of India’s leading economic policy think tanks. He has previously worked with the Government of India, Asian Development Bank (ADB) and Confederation of Indian Industry (CII). He was also member of the National Security Advisory Board. Dr. Kumar is a D.Phil. in Economics from Oxford University and has several publications to his credit. He is a regular columnist.

Mukesh D. Ambani

Sanjaya Baru

Martin Bean

Jonathan Brayne

Judith M. Brown

David Cameron

Vittorio Colao

William Dalrymple

Martin Davidson

Meghnad Desai

Prodipto Ghosh

Jo Johnson

Vijay Joshi

Naina Lal Kidwai

Rajiv Kumar

Kishore Mahbubani

Pratap Bhanu Mehta

Vikram Singh Mehta

K. Raja Menon

Rajan Bharti Mittal

C. Raja Mohan

Shiv Nadar

Roy Newey

Richard Olver

Keith Parker

Gareth Price

Xavier Rolet

Rahul Roy-Chaudhury

Peter Sands

Richard Scudamore

Suhel Seth

Manmohan Singh

Shashi Tharoor

Tidjane Thiam

Mark Tully

Pavan K. Varma

Mark Walport

M. Rasgotra joined the Indian Foreign Service in September 1949. In the pioneering years of Indian diplomacy, he served with distinction in Indian missions in Washington D.C., Kathmandu and in the Ministry of External Affairs. From 1958 to 1962, he was India’s representative on the UN Trusteeship Council, the UN General Assembly’s Fourth Committee and the Decolonisation Committee. From 1962 to 1967, he made a notable contribution to the evolution and implementation of India’s policies towards its neighbours.

Mr Rasgotra’s ambassadorial career took him to Morocco and Tunisia, the USA, the UK, Nepal, the Netherlands, France and UNESCO. His tenure as Foreign Secretary from 1982 to 1985 was marked by a renewal in Indo-American relations, sustained negotiations with Pakistan and an opening to China. He played a significant role in the prestigious events of the period—the Seventh Non-Aligned Summit, the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting, the Six-Nation Appeal on Nuclear Disarmament and the Six-Nation Summit in New Delhi.

After retirement, he was Honorary Visiting Professor at Jawaharlal Nehru University, Regents’ Professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and President of the Delhi College of Arts and Commerce. He is founder President of the International Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies. Currently, he is President, Centre for International Relations at the Observer Research Foundation.

In 2002, he was decorated with the Padma Bhushan.

Ravi Bhoothalingam studied Experimental Psychology at Cambridge University, UK. After holding senior positions in industry in India and overseas, he now serves on several company boards and travels extensively in China, Mongolia and High Asia to promote cultural and business ties.

Raviprasad Narayanan is Assistant Research Fellow at the Institute of International Relations (IIR), National Chengchi University, Taiwan. He has published many articles in newspapers and magazines and contributed chapters and research papers to books and journals in India and abroad.

K. Raghunath, former Foreign Secretary of India, served as Ambassador  to Russia, Nigeria and the Philippines. He specialises on India-China relations.

D.S. Rajan retired as China Analyst, Cabinet Secretariat, Government of India. He was posted to Indian missions in Hong Kong, Tokyo and Beijing during service. He is presently Director of the Chennai Centre of China Studies. He has been regularly contributing articles on China to various journals and publications.

C.V. Ranganathan has been Ambassador of India to various countries, including China and France. Since his retirement from the Indian Foreign Service in 1993, he has held various advisory and research positions. He also served as convener of the National Security Advisory Board. He has published many articles and contributed to books, newspapers, journals and magazines in India and abroad on international affairs. He has co-authored a book, India and China—The Way Ahead (2010).

Ravni Thakur is Professor of Chinese Studies at the Department of East Asian Studies, Delhi University. She has published widely in reputed academic journals and published under Zed Books. She is also Assistant Secretary for International Relations, Congress Party.

M. Rasgotra joined the Indian Foreign Service in September 1949. In the pioneering years of Indian diplomacy, he served with distinction in Indian missions in Washington D.C., Kathmandu and in the Ministry of External Affairs. From 1958 to 1962, he was India’s representative on the UN Trusteeship Council, the UN General Assembly’s Fourth Committee and the Decolonisation Committee. From 1962 to 1967, he made a notable contribution to the evolution and implementation of India’s policies towards its neighbours.

Mr Rasgotra’s ambassadorial career took him to Morocco and Tunisia, the USA, the UK, Nepal, the Netherlands, France and UNESCO. His tenure as Foreign Secretary from 1982 to 1985 was marked by a renewal in Indo-American relations, sustained negotiations with Pakistan and an opening to China. He played a significant role in the prestigious events of the period—the Seventh Non-Aligned Summit, the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting, the Six-Nation Appeal on Nuclear Disarmament and the Six-Nation Summit in New Delhi.

After retirement, he was Honorary Visiting Professor at Jawaharlal Nehru University, Regents’ Professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and President of the Delhi College of Arts and Commerce. He is founder President of the International Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies. Currently, he is President, Centre for International Relations at the Observer Research Foundation.

In 2002, he was decorated with the Padma Bhushan.

Rajeev Anantaram is Senior Fellow at Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), New Delhi. He has extensive professional experience in India and the United States, including think tanks, non-profit organisations, public interest groups and the private sector. He has worked in the areas of energy & environmental policy, technology policy and behavioural health. His research interests are in the areas of trade and investment policy regimes in South and Southeast Asia, and regional trade agreements and policies that support sustainable growth.

Vivek Bharati is Executive Director for External Affairs at PepsiCo India. Prior to this, he was advisor for national policy and programmes to Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI).

Prodipto Ghosh is a multidisciplinary professional specialising in the interface of science, economics and public policy. He was with the Indian Administrative Service (IAS). Currently, he is Distinguished Fellow at The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), New Delhi. He has held many consultancy positions both in India and abroad. He has several peer-reviewed publications in the area of energy, environment and development, and several books in these fields.

Prem Shankar Jha is a noted analyst and commentator. He has written extensively for India’s leading newspapers, including The Hindu, The Hindustan Times, The Economic Times and The Financial Express. He is the author of several books, including Crouching Dragon, Hidden Tiger: Can China and India Dominate the West? (2010).

V.P. Kharbanda is Deputy Director, National Institute of Science Technology and Development Studies, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi. His research areas include technological change and innovation policies in China and India. 

Sudha Mahalingam is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Next Generation Infrastructures Foundation. She is an energy economist with 30 years of professional experience. She is Member of India’s Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board.  Her areas of interest encompass the geopolitical, economic, environmental and regulatory dimensions of all forms of energy including oil, gas, electricity including nuclear, hydro and coal as well as midstream and downstream activities like refining, petrochemicals, fertilisers etc. She has published numerous articles in Indian and international journals and writes regularly in the opinion columns of newspapers. She also speaks regularly on energy issues in national and international conferences.

Sriram Natrajan is an independent researcher currently based in Thailand. Prior to this, he was Research Professor at the Institute of Chinese Studies, Delhi. He has written extensively on rural livelihood in China. 

D.S. Rajan retired as China Analyst, Cabinet Secretariat, Government of India. He was posted to Indian missions in Hong Kong, Tokyo and Beijing during service. He is presently Director of the Chennai Centre of China Studies. He has been regularly contributing articles on China to various journals and publications, besides taking part in seminars, workshops, etc.

C.V. Ranganathan has been Ambassador of India to various countries, including China and France. After his retirement from the Indian Foreign Service in 1993, he continues to be active, holding advisory and research positions. He also served as convener of the National Security Advisory Group. He has published many articles and contributions to books, newspapers, journals, and magazines in India and abroad on international affairs. He has co-authored a book entitled India and China: The Way Ahead (2000). 

M. Rasgotra joined the Indian Foreign Service in September 1949. In the pioneering years of Indian diplomacy, he served with distinction in Indian missions in Washington D.C., Kathmandu and in the Ministry of External Affairs. From 1958 to 1962, he was India’s representative on the UN Trusteeship Council, the UN General Assembly’s Fourth Committee and the Decolonisation Committee. From 1962 to 1967, he made a notable contribution to the evolution and implementation of India’s policies towards its neighbours.

Mr Rasgotra’s ambassadorial career took him to Morocco and Tunisia, the USA, the UK, Nepal, the Netherlands, France and UNESCO. His tenure as Foreign Secretary from 1982 to 1985 was marked by a renewal in Indo-American relations, sustained negotiations with Pakistan and an opening to China. He played a significant role in the prestigious events of the period—the Seventh Non-Aligned Summit, the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting, the Six-Nation Appeal on Nuclear Disarmament and the Six-Nation Summit in New Delhi.

After retirement, he was Honorary Visiting Professor at Jawaharlal Nehru University, Regents’ Professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and President of the Delhi College of Arts and Commerce. He is founder President of the International Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies. Currently, he is President, Centre for International Relations at the Observer Research Foundation.

In 2002, he was decorated with the Padma Bhushan.

Ruchita Beri is Senior Research Associate at the Institute for Defence Studies and Analysis (IDSA), New Delhi. She has been involved in research on political and security issues of the countries in Sub-Saharan Africa and has done intensive research on South Africa. Of late, she has been focussing on the implications of the war against terrorism and the oil boom in Africa and India’s ties with these countries. She is Joint Secretary of the African Studies Association of India.

Madhu Bhalla is Professor at the Department of East Asian Studies, University of Delhi. Her areas of interest are: China’s foreign policy, security policy and political economy. She has participated and presented papers in several national and international conferences.

Abanti Bhattacharya is Associate Professor at the Department of East Asian Studies, University of Delhi. Prior to this, she was Associate Fellow at IDSA, New Delhi. Her areas of specialisation and interest include: Chinese nationalism, Chinese ethnic minorities, Chinese foreign policy, Tibet, Taiwan, Xinjiang, Hong Kong, India-China relations. She has published research papers in refereed/peer-reviewed journals and contributed chapters in edited books.

Raviprasad Narayanan is Assistant Research Fellow at The Institute of International Relations (IIR), National Chengchi University, Taiwan. He has published many articles in newspapers and magazines and contributed chapters and research papers to books and journals in India and abroad.

C.V. Ranganathan has been Ambassador of India to various countries, including China and France. After his retirement from the Indian Foreign Service in 1993, he continues to be active, holding advisory and research positions. He also served as convener of the National Security Advisory Group. He has published many articles and contributions to books, newspapers, journals, and magazines in India and abroad on international affairs. He has co-authored a book entitled India and China: The Way Ahead (2000).

Vikram Sood is Vice President, Centre for International Relations, Observer Research Foundation (ORF), New Delhi. Prior to joining ORF, he headed Research Analysis Wing (RAW). He has been regularly writing in newspapers mainly on matters concerning security and India’s neighbourhood. He has attended various national and international conferences on South Asian security.

P. Stobdan is Senior Fellow at IDSA, New Delhi. He is a leading Indian expert on issues concerning national and international security with specific focus on Asian affairs covering Central Asia and Inner Asia, including Xinjiang, Tibet, Myanmar and the Himalayan region. He served in Central Asia as the Director of the Indian Cultural Centre at the Embassy of India, Almaty, Kazakhstan and as Joint Director in the Indian National Security Council. He was Director of the Centre for Strategic and Regional Studies at the University of Jammu. He has written extensively on a wide range of security-related subjects in a number of professional journals on strategic affairs, books and newspapers both in India and abroad.

M. Rasgotra joined the Indian Foreign Service in September 1949. In the pioneering years of Indian diplomacy, he served with distinction in Indian missions in Washington D.C., Kathmandu and in the Ministry of External Affairs. From 1958 to 1962, he was India’s representative on the UN Trusteeship Council, the UN General Assembly’s Fourth Committee and the Decolonisation Committee. From 1962 to 1967, he made a notable contribution to the evolution and implementation of India’s policies towards its neighbours.

Mr Rasgotra’s ambassadorial career took him to Morocco and Tunisia, the USA, the UK, Nepal, the Netherlands, France and UNESCO. His tenure as Foreign Secretary from 1982 to 1985 was marked by a renewal in Indo-American relations, sustained negotiations with Pakistan and an opening to China. He played a significant role in the prestigious events of the period—the Seventh Non-Aligned Summit, the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting, the Six-Nation Appeal on Nuclear Disarmament and the Six-Nation Summit in New Delhi.

After retirement, he was Honorary Visiting Professor at Jawaharlal Nehru University, Regents’ Professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and President of the Delhi College of Arts and Commerce. He is founder President of the International Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies. Currently, he is President, Centre for International Relations at the Observer Research Foundation.

In 2002, he was decorated with the Padma Bhushan.

Ajay Darshan Behera is a Reader at the Academy of Third World Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi. He is also the Coordinator for the Pakistan Studies Programme at the Academy. His main areas of research interest are foreign policy and security issues in South Asia, political violence, insurgency and terrorism, conflicts and conflict management, India’s foreign policy, political development and foreign policy of Pakistan and Sri Lanka. He has contributed several research articles to edited volumes and journals in India and abroad on non-military dimensions of security, transnational security threats, confidence-building and conflict resolution, ethnic conflict, insurgencies and terrorism, and light weapons. Amongst his important publications in this area is a monograph titled The Politics of Violence and Development in South Asia. His co-edited book on Pakistan in a Changing Strategic Context was published in 2004. His book Violence, Terrorism and Human Security in South Asia is scheduled to be published in 2006.

Shalini Chawla is a Senior Fellow at the Centre for Air Power Studies (CAPS), New Delhi. She joined CAPS in 2006 and specialises in Pakistan studies.  She is a frequent contributor to various journals and magazines on defence and security issues. She has authored a book titled Pakistan’s Military and Its Strategy (2009). Her forthcoming book is titled Pakistan’s Nuclear Arsenal and Strategy (2011).  

Brahma Chellaney is Professor of Strategic Studies at the Centre for Policy Research. He has served as a member of the Policy Advisory Group headed by the Foreign Minister of India. Prior to that, Prof. Chellaney was an adviser to India’s National Security Council until January 2000, serving as convenor of the External Security Group of the National Security Advisory Board. A specialist on international security and arms control issues, Prof. Chellaney has held appointments at the Harvard University, the Brookings Institution, the Johns Hopkins University’s School of Advanced International Studies and the Australian National University. He is the author of six books, including Asian Juggernaut: The Rise of China, India and Japan. His latest book is Water: Asia’s New Battleground. He has published research papers, among others, in International Security, Orbis, Survival, Washington Quarterly, Security Studies and Terrorism. Chellaney is also a newspaper columnist and television commentator. He regularly contributes opinion articles to the International Herald Tribune, the Wall Street Journal, the Japan Times, the Asian Age, the Hindustan Times and the Times of India. 

Sreeradha Datta is Director, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Institute of Asian Studies (MAKAIAS), Kolkata. Her areas of expertise are India’s neighbourhood policy; Bangladesh: Domestic and foreign policy; India’s northeast complexities; India and Myanmar’s bilateral relations. Ms. Datta completed PhD from the School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University. She was Coordinator (Research) with South Asian Centre for Strategic Studies, New Delhi (1996-1999) and Editor, South Asia Watch (1997-1999). She has been a recipient of the Kodikara Fellowship (1997). She was selected for International Visitors Leadership Programme, USA (2006). She is a regular participant in Indo-Bangladesh track II dialogues and also has been working on climate change and water security issues in South Asia

Leela Ponappa is a former Deputy National Security Adviser, Government of India and has been Ambassador to The Netherlands, Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), Thailand and UNESCAP. She has worked as Joint Secretary/Additional Secretary handling Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Myanmar in the External Affairs Ministry and has had extensive experience in handling India’s relations with its neighbours including Pakistan and SAARC. She has been Senior Directing Staff at the National Defence College, New Delhi and Research Associate at the Centre for South and Southeast Asian Studies at the University of California, Berkeley. 

T.C.A. Rangachari is one of the most notable experts on China in India. He was India’s Ambassador to Algeria, France and Germany before resigning from the Indian Foreign Service in 2006. Since then, he has been extensively writing and lecturing on many topical issues relating to India’s foreign policy, strategic and security matters.

C.V. Ranganathan has been Ambassador of India to various countries including China and France. After his retirement from Indian Foreign Service in 1993, he continues to be active, holding advisory and research positions. He also served as convener of the National Security Advisory Group. He has published many articles and contributions to books, newspapers, journals and magazines in India and abroad on international affairs. He has co-authored a book entitled India and China: The Way Ahead.  

Bhaskar Roy has a physics background. His attention shifted to journalistic and strategic studies, after a brief stint in the advertising industry. He was Chief Editor with Macmillan publishers, when he shifted to the Cabinet Secretariat where he spent the better part of his career. He did stints abroad including as Minister in the Indian Embassy, Washington DC. He is currently a Consultant with the South Asia Analysis Group (SAAG). He writes extensively on China and on strategic issues related to India.

V. Suryanarayan is Senior Research Fellow at the Centre for Asian Studies, Chennai. He is one of India’s leading specialists in South and Southeast Asian Studies and combines in his teaching and research specialisation in History, Political Science and International Relations. Educated in Ernakulam, Bombay and New Delhi, he has taught in the affiliated colleges of Bombay University; Indian School of International Studies, New Delhi; Marathwada University, Aurangabad and North Eastern Hill University, Shillong. For more than two decades, he was associated with the Centre for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Madras first as the founding Director and later as Senior Professor. He was associated with the University Grants Commission (UGC) for several years. He was a member of the UGC Advisory Committee on Area Studies and was a member of UGC evaluation teams to several universities. Prof. Suryanarayan was Visiting Professor in the University of California, Los Angeles; Columbus College, University System of Georgia; Peradeniya University, Sri Lanka; Sri Venkateshwara University, Tirupati and School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. He was the first Professor for Maritime Studies and Research, Calicut University during 2004-05. The Chair for Maritime Studies was instituted by the Naval Head Quarters, New Delhi, the only one of its kind in the Indian University system. He is currently associated with the Asian College of Journalism, Chennai in its guest faculty. A much sought after speaker, Prof. Suryanarayan is a regular speaker in the National Defence College, New Delhi. He has also spoken in the Defence Services Staff College, Wellington and Army War College. Prof. Suryanarayan was a member of the International Observer Team that monitored the Presidential Election in Sri Lanka in December 1999.  He is presently a member of the National Security Advisory Board (NSAB). 

Sangeeta Thapliyal is a Professor at the South Asian Studies Division, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. She works on strategic issues concerning South Asia with a special reference to Nepal. Her areas of research include water security in South Asia and regional cooperation. Her previous work experience includes Director, Department of Strategic and Regional Studies, University of Jammu, Observer Research Foundation, Delhi Policy Group and the Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies (IDSS). 

K. Yhome is a Research Fellow at the Observer Research Foundation (ORF), New Delhi. He completed his PhD from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. His research interests include India’s neighbourhood, Southeast Asia and China’s Southwest Provinces. He has published a book on Myanmar and contributed chapters and articles in edited books and journals.

M. Rasgotra joined the Indian Foreign Service in September 1949. In the pioneering years of Indian diplomacy, he served with distinction in Indian missions in Washington D.C., Kathmandu and in the Ministry of External Affairs. From 1958 to 1962, he was India’s representative on the UN Trusteeship Council, the UN General Assembly’s Fourth Committee and the Decolonisation Committee. From 1962 to 1967, he made a notable contribution to the evolution and implementation of India’s policies towards its neighbours.

Mr Rasgotra’s ambassadorial career took him to Morocco and Tunisia, the USA, the UK, Nepal, the Netherlands, France and UNESCO. His tenure as Foreign Secretary from 1982 to 1985 was marked by a renewal in Indo-American relations, sustained negotiations with Pakistan and an opening to China. He played a significant role in the prestigious events of the period—the Seventh Non-Aligned Summit, the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting, the Six-Nation Appeal on Nuclear Disarmament and the Six-Nation Summit in New Delhi.

After retirement, he was Honorary Visiting Professor at Jawaharlal Nehru University, Regents’ Professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and President of the Delhi College of Arts and Commerce. He is founder President of the International Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies. Currently, he is President, Centre for International Relations at the Observer Research Foundation.

In 2002, he was decorated with the Padma Bhushan.

Madhu Bhalla, is Professor at the Department of East Asian Studies, University of Delhi. Her areas of interest are: China’s foreign policy, security policy and political economy. She has participated and presented papers in several national and international conferences. 

Vivek Bharati is Executive Director for External Affairs at PepsiCo India. Prior to this, he was advisor for national policy and programmes at Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI). 

Ravi Bhoothalingam studied Experimental Psychology at Cambridge University, UK. After holding senior positions in industry in India and overseas, he now serves on several company boards and travels extensively in China and Mongolia to promote cultural and business ties. 

Sreemati Chakrabarti is Professor in the Department of East Asian Studies, University of Delhi and Honorary Fellow of the Institute of Chinese Studies, Centre for the Study of Developing Societies (CSDS), Delhi. She has done her MA in Regional Studies-East Asia from Harvard University and PhD on ‘Perceptions of China and Naxalite Ideology’ from Columbia University. Her publications include China and the Naxalites (1990), Mao, China’s Intellectuals and Cultural Revolution (1998) and Introducing China (1995), as well as numerous articles and research papers on aspects of modern Chinese politics. Currently she is working on China’s education.

Ajish P. Joy is Assistant Editor, The Week. Prior to this, he worked with Observer Research Foundation (ORF), New Delhi. He completed his PhD from the School of International Relations, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. He has published a book, India, Central Asia and Russia: Potential for Regional Co-operation (2007). He has also contributed chapters and articles in edited books and journals.

Rajiv Kumar is Secretary General, Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI). He is a well known economist and the author of several books. Prior to FICCI, he was Director & Chief Executive of the Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER). He is also a member of the International Advisory Council of the King Abdullah Petroleum Studies & Research Centre (KAPSARC), Riyadh. Dr Kumar was a member of the National Security Advisory Board (2006-2008) as well as a non-executive Director on the Central Board of the State Bank of India for three years ending September 2011. From 1987-1989, he was a Professor at the Indian Institute of Foreign Trade; subsequently, he worked for the Government of India from 1989 to 1995, first in the Bureau of Industrial Costs and Prices, Ministry of Industry and then as Economic Adviser in the Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance. In 1995, Dr Kumar joined the Asian Development Bank in Manila and assumed several positions during his 10-year term. In 2004, he joined the Confederation of Indian Industries (CII), New Delhi as Chief Economist. He has a DPhil in Economics from Oxford University and a PhD from Lucknow University. He is a columnist in leading business dailies. 

Dilip Lahiri is a Visiting Fellow at Observer Research Foundation (ORF) and a former Indian diplomat, with long and diversified experience in international relations in the Indian Foreign Service. His postings outside India were as Ambassador to France, Spain, Peru and Bolivia; he has worked and toured in many countries in South East and East Asia, the Middle East, Africa, the US and Europe, Central America, the Pacific islands and the Caribbean. He was also Dean of the Indian Diplomatic School. Ambassador Lahiri led the Indian delegation to the Rome conference on the International Criminal Court, was a member of the Indian delegation to the Kyoto Conference on Climate Change, attended several sessions of the UN General Assembly, and has been involved for many years in the negotiations on the restructuring of the UN and expansion of the Security Council, in the UN Human Rights Commission and the Commission on Disarmament. He has spoken at several international seminars and published articles in journals and newspapers on Indian nuclear and security policy, and organised and edited a two-volume compilation on Indian Foreign Policy: An Agenda for the Twenty First Century and a Spanish language book of essays by Spanish and Indian experts titled India and Spain: 2000 Years of Interaction. 

Smita Purushottam is Indian Ambassador to Venezuela. She was Senior Fellow at the Institute of Defence Studies & Analyses (IDSA), New Delhi. She had previously served as Joint Secretary at the Foreign Service Institute of the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA), Joint Secretary in the Integrated Defence Staff Headquarters in the Ministry of Defence; Director/Under Secretary (East Europe/Soviet Union) and SAARC, and Under Secretary (Bhutan) in MEA. She has served in India’s missions abroad, as Deputy Chief of Mission in the Embassy of India in Berlin, Minister (Political) at the High Commission of India, London, Counsellor for economic and commercial affairs at the Indian Embassy in Beijing, at the Embassy in Brussels, and the Embassy of India, Moscow. She spent a year as Fellow at Harvard where she prepared a paper ‘Can India Overtake China?’ (2001).

P.S. Ramakrishnan is a Professor and Indian National Science Academy (INSA) Honorary Senior Scientist at School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. He contributed a paper, ‘Coping with Environmental Uncertainties to Climate Change from a Developing Country Socio-ecological System Perspective’, to the Report on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) that won the 2007 Noble Peace Prize.

B. Raman is an expert on security and anti-terrorism operations. He is a former Additional Secretary, Cabinet Secretariat, of the Government of India and former head of the counter-terrorism division of India’s external intelligence agency Research and Analysis Wing (RAW). He has been a member of various special task forces related to security and intelligence issues. An internationally acclaimed writer and lecturer, he regularly contributes articles to various national and international publications on security-related topics. He is currently the director of the Institute for Topical Studies, Chennai. Raman is also a contributor to the South Asia Analysis Group (SAAG). 

Angira Sen Sarma is a Research Fellow at Indian Council of World Affairs (ICWA). Her primary area of research is Central Asia. She has authored a book, India and Central Asia: Redefining Energy and Trade Links, and has also contributed chapters in edited volumes. She has presented papers in many national and international conferences/seminars. Before joining ICWA, she worked with Observer Research Foundation (ORF), New Delhi from 2006-2011. She completed her PhD from School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.

Nandan Unnikrishnan is a Vice President at ORF’s Centre for International Relations. He looks after the US Studies Programme and the Eurasian Studies Programme. An alumni of Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), he began his career as a journalist with the Press Trust of India (PTI). His articles, primarily on international affairs, have appeared in many Indian publications. During his tenure at ORF, Nandan has participated in several national and international conferences, lectured in various academic and specialised institutions in India and abroad. 

H.H.S. Viswanathan, is a Distinguished Fellow at ORF’s Centre for International Relations. He was a member of the Indian Foreign Service and his foreign assignments include Belgium, Zaire, Czechoslovakia, Germany, China, Italy, Cote d’ Ivoire, USA and Nigeria. He was the Head of Mission (Ambassador/High Commissioner) in Cote d’Ivoire and Nigeria with concurrent accreditation to Niger, Guinea (Conakry), Sierra Leone, Cameroon, Benin, Chad, Equatorial Guinea and São Tomé and Príncipe. He has been Deputy Secretary (East Europe) and Joint Secretary (Administration) in the Ministry for External Affairs. He represented India in the African Development Bank (AfDB), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) and Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). He was also Observer at the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). He has participated in several conferences/seminars/workshops in UC, Berkley, UCLA, Stanford University, CSU, Riverside, Nigerian Institute of International Affairs and University of Sienna (Italy).

Nivedita Das Kundu (Ph.D.), presently working as an Assistant Director (Research) with the Indian Council for Social Science Research. Earlier, she worked as a Research Fellow at the Indian Council for World Affairs and as an Associate Fellow with the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses. She has taught in the University of Helsinki and in the University of Hannover. She has received her doctoral degrees from School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University. She was a Post-Doctoral Fellow at Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Washington DC. She is an expert on Russia and Former Soviet States with a proficiency in the Russian Language. She has contributed widely on her research area nationally and internationally. She has authored a book on “Russia and it's Near Abroad: Strategic Dynamics and Implications”, and edited books on “Russia-India-China: Evolution of Geopolitical Strategic Trends”, and “India-Russia Strategic Partnership: Challenges and Prospects”. She is a recipient of many of prestigious national as well as international fellowships like ICSSR (India), US state government fellowship, DAAD (Germany), CIMO (EU), RAS (Russia).

Mansura Haider, Professor, Indira Gandhi National Center for Arts, New Delhi, India.

Yashar Huseynli, Head of the Department, Ministry of Tourism and Culture of Azerbaijan.

Nirmala Joshi, Director, India-Central Asia Foundation, New Delhi.

Tamerlan Karayev, Ambassador of Azerbaijan in India.

Azad Nagiev (Ph.D), First Secretary, Embassy of Azerbaijan in India.

Vagif Sadigov, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs, Azerbaijan.

V.B. Soni, Former Ambassador of India to South Caucasus Countries.

Angira Sen Sarma  is an Assistant Professor at the Afghanistan Studies Centre, Academy of International Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi. Her primary areas of research are Central Asia and Afghanistan.

Yury Byaly is the Vice-President of the International Public Foundation-Experimental Creative Centre (IPF-ECC), Moscow. His area of research includes problems of geoeconomy, global policy and energy.

Yury Bardakhchiev
Yury Byaly + 
Kaustav Dhar Chakrabarti 
Mikhail Dmitriev 
Wilson John 
Sunjoy Joshi 
Ajish P. Joy
Eduard Kryukov 
Sergey Kurginyan
Vladimir Novikov 
Maria Podkopaeva 
Rahul Prakash
Rajeswari Pillai Rajagopalan 
M. Rasgotra
Angira Sen Sarma +
Vivan Sharan
Vera Sorokina
Marina Volchkova

+ Co-editor 

Rajat Kathuria is Director and Chief Executive, Indian Council of Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER). He has over 20 years experience in teaching and 10 years experience in economic policy, besides research interests on a range of issues relating to regulation and competition policy. He worked with Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) during its first eight years (1998-2006) where his research eventually formed the basis of tariff and interconnection orders applicable to the industry. He has published in international and national journals, besides in popular magazines and newspapers. He has an undergraduate degree in Economics from St. Stephens College, a Master’s from Delhi School of Economics and a PhD degree from the University of Maryland, College Park.

Sanjana Joshi is a Senior Consultant with ICRIER. She has been working on East Asia from an Indian perspective for several years, and was Japan Foundation Research Fellow affiliated with the University of Tokyo (August 2000 to July 2001). Her published work includes Changing Japan: Opportunities and Challenges for India (2008) in addition to various articles and papers in several journals and newspapers. She has an MPhil in International Relations from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.

Choong Yong Ahn 

Divya Chaudhry

Choongjae Cho

Jung-il Choi 

Ram Upendra Das

Kim Do-Young 

Changho Kwag 

Daewoo Lee 

C. Raja Mohan

Ali Mehdi 

Neetika Kaushal Nagpal 

Changhee Park 

Vyjayanti Raghavan 

Saon Ray 

Nisha Taneja

Skand Tayal

Ajey Lele is a Research Fellow at the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA), New Delhi, India. His areas of research include: space security, strategic technologies and weapons of mass destruction (WMD).

Namrata Goswami is a Research Fellow at the IDSA, New Delhi, India. Her areas of research include: inter-national relations theory, ethnic and intra-state conflicts and the theory and practice of conflict prevention, management and resolution.

Steve Aiken is lead author and desk office for geopolitics for the United Kingdom’s MoD’s Development, Concepts and Doctrine Centre (DCDC).

Sarita Azad is Project Associate at IDSA, New Delhi, India.

Judith M. Brown is Beit Professor of Commonwealth History, Balliol College, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Nayan Chanda is Director of Publications and the Editor of Yale Global Online Magazine at the Yale Center for the Study of Globalization, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.

Chien-Peng (C.P.) Chung is Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Lingnan University, Hong Kong.

Martin van Creveld is Professor Emeritus at The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.

David P. Fidler is the James Louis Calamaras Professor of Law and Director of the Center on American and Global Security, Indiana University, Bloomington, USA.

Aaron L. Friedberg is a Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University, Princeton, USA.

David E. Fuente is Programme Head for Infrastructure and Governance at the Centre for Development Finance, Chennai, India.

Sumit Ganguly is the Rabindranath Tagore Chair in Indian Cultures and Civilizations, Professor of Political Science, Director of the India Studies Program, and Director of Research for Center on American and Global Security, Indiana University, Bloomington, USA.

John P. Geis is Director, Center for Strategy and Technology, United States Air Force, Montgomery, Alabama Area.

Adrian V. Gheorghe is the Faculty of Power Engineering at the Bucharest Polytechnic Institute, Romania.

Mohan Guruswamy is the Director the Centre for Policy Alternatives, New Delhi, India.

Yong-Sup Han is Professor of Korea National Defense University.

Stephan Harrison is Associate Professor of Quaternary Science, University of Exeter, Penryn, United Kingdom.

Roland Heickerö is Deputy Research Director at the Swedish Defence Research Agency, FOI, Stockholm.

Pervez Hoodbhoy is Professor of Physics, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.

G. John Ikenberry is Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs, Woodrow Wilson School and Department of Politics, Princeton University, USA.

Makoto Iokibe is the President, National Defense Academy, Japan.

Ali Karami is Associate Professor of Molecular Biology at the Research Center of Molecular Biology, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Catarina Kinnvall is Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Lund University, Sweden.

Konstantin K. Khudoley is Dean, School of International Relations, Saint Petersburg State University, Russia.

Nabanita R. Krishnan is currently the Director, Management Information System and Technologies (MIST) at Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) Headquarters, New Delhi, India.

Li Li is an Associate Research fellow at China Institute of Contemporary International Relations (CICIR), Beijing, China.

Phillip Longman is Senior Research Fellow at the New America Foundation, a public policy institute in Washington, D.C.

Vijay Sakhuja is Director Research, Indian Council of World Affairs (ICWA), New Delhi, India.

Uttam Kumar Sinha is a Research Fellow at IDSA, New Delhi, India.

Bilveer Singh is Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, National University of Singapore.

Narendra S. Sisodia is Director General of IDSA, New Delhi, India.

Ted Svensson is Assistant Professor at the Department of Political Science, Lund University, Sweden.

Stanislav Tkachenko was an Associate Professor of the Department of European Studies at the School of International Relations, Saint Petersburg State University, Russia.

Angela Woodward is Programme Director, VERTIC, United Kingdom.

Nivedita Das Kundu (Ph.D.) is a Research Fellow, at the Indian Council of World Affairs (ICWA), New Delhi. Earlier she worked as an Associate Fellow 

with the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA) and as a Fellow with Department of Science & Technology (DST), New Delhi. She has also 

taught in the University of Helsinki (Finland) and in the University of Hannover (Germany).

She has received her Doctorate from School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. Her research interest includes: geopolitical 

issues, foreign policy and strategic dimensions of security with focus on Russia and the former Soviet States, including Afghanistan and multilateral 

organisations like SCO, BRIC, CSTO, NATO and EU. She has contributed widely on these research areas nationally and internationally. She has authored 

a book on Russia and it's Near Abroad: Strategic Dynamics and Implications and edited books on Russia-India-China: Evolution of Geopolitical Strategic 

Trends.

She has published articles in various national and international journals, in edited books, in newspapers and in websites. She has also written policy 

briefs, issue briefs and occasional papers on her subject of expertise. She is also a recipient of number of prestigious national as well as international 

fellowships including DAAD (Germany), CIMO (EU), RAS (Russia), ICSSR (India) and Post-Doctoral Fellow Woodrow Wilson Center (US).

G. Balachandran is a Visiting Fellow at the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses and Research Consultant at National Maritime Foundation. He is 

Ph.D. from the University of Wisonsin, Meadison, USA. He is a specialist on nuclear energy issues and expert on India’s defence expenditure.

Rahul K. Bhonsle (Brig.), a military veteran with over three decades of active service, is now pursuing a second career in research at an independent 

agency, Sasia Security-Risks. His areas of interest include future warfare and human security. He is a regular contributor to leading mainstream and 

professional newspapers, websites and journals and edits a monthly, South Asia Security Trends. He is presently working on Net Assessment of the 

Indian Armed Forces.

Lounev Sergey Ivanovich (Ph.D.) is Professor at the Department of Oriental Studies and also at the Moscow State Institute of Foreign Relations. He has 

also worked as a Chief Research Fellow at the Institute of World Economics and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences. He has to his 

credit 192 published works, including 11 monographs.

Ajey Lele (Ph.D.) is an Indian Air Force officer (Wing Commander) and is working as a Research Fellow at the Institute for Defence Studies and 

Analyses (IDSA), New Delhi. He works on issues related to weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and strategic technologies with a major focus on space 

security. He is a postgraduate in Physics (Pune University) and has also done his M.Sc. and M.Phil. in Defence and Strategic Studies from Madras 

University. He has obtained his doctorate from Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi. He has published articles in journals, websites and 

newspapers. He has authored two books titled: Bio-Weapons: The Genie in the Bottle and Weather and Warfare.

Gulshan Sachdeva (Ph.D.) is an Associate Professor at the Centre for European Studies, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, 

New Delhi. He is Visiting Professor at the University of Trento (Italy). His area of expertise is Russia and Central Asia (economic transformation), South 

Asia (Indian economy and foreign policy, SAARC), Europe, and Afghanistan (security, development, regional cooperation). Works mainly in the areas of 

macroeconomic policy reforms, regional economic integration, foreign policy and foreign economic relations, public sector reforms, privatisation and 

private sector development, economic policy formulation for conflict and post-conflict areas, civil service capacity development and training.

Arun Sahgal (Brig.) is Head, Center for Strategic Studies and Simulation, and Deputy Director Research, United Service Institution of India. In a career 

spanning over 36 years in the Indian army, he held number of important command, staff and instructional appointments. His most distinctive service 

assignment has been the Founder Director of the Office of Net Assessment, Integrated Defense Staff (Ministry of Defence)—an office, created to 

undertake long-term strategic assessments, to assist in national security planning and development of future military capabilities. His academic pursuits 

include Senior Fellow at the Institute for Defense Studies and Analyses and Distinguished Fellow, School of Geo-Politics, Manipal Academy of Higher 

Education. He recently completed a major Net Assessment study on India-China Military Balance 2025, for the Indian Joint Staff, and drafted India’s 

National Security Strategy. He is independent consultant with Jane’s Information Group and Booze Allen and Hamilton. He is a member of National Task 

Force on Net Assessment and Simulation under the National Security Council, Government of India.

Devika Sharma is an Associate Fellow at the Centre for Research on Energy Security at The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), New Delhi. She 

submitted her doctoral thesis at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi from where she did her M.Phil. and M.A. in International Relations. Before 

joining TERI, she was with the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) and the Observer Research Foundation, New Delhi.

Dmitri V. Streltsov (Ph.D.) is Professor Head of Eastern Studies Chair, Moscow State Institute for International Relations, Moscow. He is also a leading 

research fellow of the Center of Japanese Studies of the Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences. His research interest includes the 

internal political situation and foreign policy of Japan, Russo-Japanese relations and the problems of security in North-East Asia.

Ivan Timofeev (Ph.D.) is an Associate Professor and Chief Executive of the Centre for Analytical Monitoring, State Institute for International Relations, 

Moscow. He has 4 monographs and 30 research articles to his credit.

Admiral Raja Menon was a career officer and a sub-marine specialist in the Navy and retired in 1994 as the Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Operations). Published works include, Maritime Strategy and Continental Wars’, a standard text for the Staff College. He is a distinguished fellow at the Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies and the National Maritime Foundation. Admiral Raja Menon spent two years as Chairman, Task Force for Net Assessment in the National Security Council.

Rajiv Kumar is the Director & CE, ICRIER, one of India’s leading economic policy think tanks. He has previously worked with the Government of India, Asian Development Bank (ADB) and Confederation of Indian Industry (CII). He was also member of the National Security Advisory Board. Dr. Kumar is a D.Phil. in Economics from Oxford University and has several publications to his credit. He is also an active columnist.

List of Tables and Figures

Foreword

List of Acronyms

Acknowledgements

Section I: Drivers and Scenarios

1. The Long View from Delhi 

2. The United States

3. China

4. Pakistan

5. Bangladesh

6. Sri Lanka

7. Nepal

8. Japan

9. Iran 

10. Russia

11. Myanmar

12. Central Asian Republics

Section II: The Defining of Drivers and Evolution
                 of Scenarios of Issues Affecting the World

13. Arms Control Issues and Non-
      Proliferation

14. Hydrocarbons and Energy

15. Space: Drivers and Scenarios

16. Terrorism: Drivers and Scenarios
      in South Asia

17. Global Warming: Drivers and Scenarios

18. Water, Climate Change, Food, Population
      and Failing States

19. Commerce and Trade

20. India: Social Stability and Youth Bulge

21. Nuclear Deterrence

22. Regional Military Capabilities

Section III: Macro Scenarios

23. Stitching Country Scenarios into Global/
      Regional Scenarios

24. The Argument for Regional Scenarios versus
      Global Scenarios in Indian Foreign Policy

25. Skeleton Scenarios

26. Fleshing Out World Scenarios

27. A Combination of Scenarios taken from the US National
      Intelligence Council Version of Global Scenarios-2020
      and NIC Report 2020

Section IV: National Objectives

28. World Scenarios and Indian Grand Strategy

Harsh Bhasin, a veteran diplomat with a career spanning over three-and-a-half decades in the Indian Foreign Service, served as Ambassador to Denmark, High Commissioner to South Africa and Botswana, and as Consul General in New York and Johannesburg. A major portion of his work as a career diplomat was in China - during the Cultural Revolution and later – and in the course of three different assignments in the US in the 1970s through the 1990s. This book owes its origins to the long years he has spent living and working intimately in both China and the US.

After retirement from India’s diplomatic service he has served on the faculty of the State University of New York at Stony Brook, first as a Visiting Professor in the Department of Political Science and later in the Department of Asian and Asian-American Studies. He currently holds the position of Chair in the Department.

Author’s Note

Abbreviations

Introduction

1. The US-India Relationship

2. The India-China Relationship

3. The US-China Relationship

4. Outlook for the Future

5. Indo-US-China Relations under the
   Obama Administration: The Likely Scenario

Timeline

Appendices

Index

Rita Dulci Rahman has 26 years of experience in international relations in different fields, among others in trade and investment, migration, conflict resolution, and development cooperation. She has been committee member or chair in several European and Dutch governmental and non-govern-mental bodies such as EECOD, CCME, ECLOF and Fondad. Born in the Dutch Antilles, she currently works as a diplomat for the Netherlands Government, and has been posted in Bangladesh, India and Tunisia. She obtained her Masters degree in Development Studies at the University of Leiden, Netherlands, and her Bachelors in Mathematics, University of Surinam. For three years (1988 1991) she taught at the University of Leiden. She has published more than 30 articles on international relations.

Jose Miguel Andreu is Professor of Economics at the University of Sevilla, Spain. He has also taught Economics in the Basque Country University, in the University of Alcala de Henares, and in the Open University of Spain (UNED). For 30 years he has been delivering lectures on Introduction to Economics, Intermediate Macroeconomics, Superior Macro-economics, Theory of Economic Growth, Money and Banking etc. He has published several textbooks for students, reports, and more than a hundred articles on Spanish and international economic matters. For two years (1981-1982) he was economic advisor to the Prime Minister of Spain. Recently (2000-2003) he served as a Spanish diplomat to India. Professor Andreu is currently working as an advisor to the African Development Bank in Tunis.

Author's Note

1.Introduction

   The Birth of Two Giants 

   Common and Diverse Economic Traits
   of China and India 

   Initial Economic Under-performance
   of China and India 

   Brilliant Behaviour in Last Two Decades
   (1980-2002) and Current Economic
   Positions of China and India 

   China and India: Two Countries with
   Great Economic Expectations 

   The Case of India as a Surprise 

   Success of China and India and
   Likely Reactions of the West 

   Content of the Book
 

2.Growth Theory and Development Policy

   Non-strict Economic Factors as Pre-
   conditions of Growth and Development 

   Sources of Economic Growth 

   Growth Dynamics 

   The Problem of Population in the
   Developing Countries 

   Growth and Structural Change 

   Backwardness and Opportunities for
   Growth in an Open Multi-sectoral
   Economy 

   Fundamental Variables for Inducing
   Economic Growth: Application to
   the cases of China and India
 

3.Brief History of the Economy of China
   Since 1949

   Applied Policies in China in the Last
   Five Decades 

   Demography and Labour Market
   in China 

   The Evolution of the Income Distribution
   in China 

   The Evolution of Domestic Investment
   in China 

   China and the Development of International
   Economic Relations 

   Some Traits of the Macroeconomic Performance
   in China
 

4.Brief History of the Economy of India Since 1947

   The Biased Treatment of the Economy
   of India under the British Rule 

   Evolution of Agriculture Since
   Independence 

   Indian Industrial Policy and Industrial
   Public Sector 

   Indian Demography and Employment 

   Financial Capacity of India 

   Trade Orientation of India Since 1947
 

5.A Joint Economic Analysis of China and India:
   Opportunities and Challenges

   Evaluation of Current Economic Situation of
   China and India 

   Recent Economic Evolution of China and India 

   China, India and the New Direction of the
   International Trade of Goods 

   The Financing Process in China and India 

   External Net Position of China and India
   and Implications for the Future 

   Current Internal Obstacles and Economic
   Perspectives of China and India 

   China, India and their Economic Future
 

6.China, India and Possible Hindrances from
   Abroad

   The International Political Context

   Battles for Keeping Current Privileged
   Positions and its Limitations 

   Probable Strategies of China and India in
   the Current Commercial Framework 

   Economic Impasse in the West as a
   Consequence of Own Wrong International Policies 

   A win-win Solution: Positive Reaction of The West 

   China, India and the Future: From Dependency
   to Parity

7.Conclusions and Insight into the Future

   Conclusions Stemming from the Theory of
   Economic Growth Applicable to China and India

   Currently Observed Deficiencies in China 

   Currently Observed Deficiencies in India 

   Advantageous Characteristics of China and
   India in the World Today 

   Perspectives and Difficulties in the Future
   and Reactions 

   Towards a Better Solution: Changing the
   International Order

Statistical Annexes

Dr. Nivedita Das Kundu, is a Research Fellow, at the Indian Council of World Affairs. Earlier she worked as an Associate Fellow with the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses. She has received her Doctorate from School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. Her research interest includes: geopolitical and strategic dimensions of security with the focus on Russia and the former Soviet States, India’s strategic neighbourhood and multilateral organisations like SCO, BRIC and NATO. She has contributed widely on these research areas nationally and internationally.

She has authored a book Russia and it’s Near Abroad: Strategic Dynamics and Implications and recently edited a book called India-Russia Strategic Partnership: Challenges and Prospects. She has published articles in various national and international journals, edited books, newspapers and in websites. She has also written Policy Briefs and Occasional Papers on her subject of expertise. She is also a recipient of number of prestigious national as well as international fellowships.

About the Editor/Contributors

Preface

Introduction 
— Nivedita Das Kundu

RIC Trilateral Engagement

1. Russia-India-China: Trilateral
    Engagement 
— N. Ravi

2. Russia-India-China Trilateral Cooperation
    and Its Prospect 
— Zao Xidi

3. Troika: The Trilateral Cooperation
    of Russia, India and China 
— Konstantin Vasilievich Vnukov

4. Russia-India-China: The Possible
    Trilateral Cooperation 
— Dinesh K. Jain

International Situation

5. Six Propositions About World Order
    and the Role of Russia, India and China 
— Siddharth Varadarajan

6. Russia-India-China: Trilateral Relations under
    the Present International Situation
— Wang Chugui

7. Present International Situation:
    Some View Points 
— Qi Zhenhong

Economic Cooperation

8. Russia-India-China: Trilateral Cooperation
    for Economic Development 
— Vladimir Ya Portyakov

9. Russia-India-China Economic
    Cooperation in the Context of
    World Economy
— Zao Xidi

10. World Economy and Globalisation 
— Evgeny Bobrov

11. Russia-India-China Economic
      Cooperation 
— Rong Ying

Climate Change

12. China's Intervention on
    Climate Change 
— Yu Qingtai

13. Possibilities of Russia-India-China
    Cooperation in Ecological Sphere 
— Tatiana Sahumian

14. China's Climate Change Policy:
    Actions and Responsibilities 
— Wang Rubin

Conclusion 
— Nivedita Das Kundu

Index
      

CONTRIBUTORS:    

    
Evgeny Bobrov, Senior Counsellor, Department of Economic Cooperation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Russia.

Wang Chugui, Special Researcher, China Institute of International Studies, China.

Dinesh K. Jain, Additional Secretary (Policy Planning & Research), Ministry of External Affairs, New Delhi.

Vladimir Ya Portyakov, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Moscow, Russia.

Yu Qingtai, Ambassador, Treaty and Law Division, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, China.

N. Ravi, Secretary (East), Ministry of External Affairs, New Delhi, India.

Wang Rubin, Research Assistant, China Institute of International Studies.

Tatiana Sahumian, Head of the Centre for Indian Studies in the Institute for Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow.

Siddharth Varadarajan, Deputy Editor, The Hindu, New Delhi, India.

Konstantin Vasilievich Vnukov, Director, First Asia Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Moscow, Russia.

Zao Xidi, Ambassador, Department of East Europe and Central Asia, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, China.

Rong Ying, Director, South Asia Studies Centre, China Institute of International Studies.

Qi Zhenhong, Counsellor, Policy Research Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, China.

Murari Raj Sharma received his Master's degrees in Public and International Affairs from the University of Pittsburgh (USA) and in Commerce and in Economics from Tribhuvan University (Nepal). He has closely worked with the United Nations since 1993, including as Member of the UN Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions, Chairman of the Fifth Committee, Vice President of the General Assembly and of the Economic and Social Council as well as Nepal's Ambassador to the United Nations in New York, Foreign Secretary, and chief of the United Nations Division in the Ministry of Foreign Affaires. He has served as Nepal's Ambassador to the United Kingdom as well. An expert in administrative reforms, he has advised the Government and various public enterprises of Nepal in that area. Mr. Sharma has published several articles in various professional journals, authored the book Murari Adhikari's Short Stories (2000), and co-authored the book Reinventing the United Nations (2007).

Ajit M. Banerjee, received his MA and Ph.D. in Public Policy and Management from Maxwell School, Syracuse, and New York as a Fellow in Social Sciences of Rockefeller Foundation, born in India, a US citizen, was a career UN diplomat almost throughout his professional life, being stationed in Bangkok as UN Regional Advisor for Asia and the Pacific, ESCAP, Kuala Lumpur as Deputy Director, UN Asian Centre for Development Management, New York as Special Advisor, United Nations Secretariat and worked extensively with over fifty developing countries, dealing with strategic issues of public policy and management, peacekeeping and peace building. He has served as a Senior Faculty Member with the National Institute of Public Administration, Consultant on adminis-trative reforms to Government of India and State Governments. He retired as Senior Special Advisor to the United Nations and continues to be an ad hoc consultant. He has contributed numerous articles in professional journals, co-authored books, Renewing Governance (1996) and Reinventing the United Nations (2007).

Preface

Acknowledgements

1. State of the World

2. United Nations: Basic Structures
    and Functions

3. Major Features of the International
    Civil Service

4. Human Resource Management:
    Major UN Entities

5. Human Resources Policy and Execution

6. Making of International Civil Service

7. Types of United Nations Personnel

8. Position Classification, Transfer,
    Performance Appraisal, and Promotion

9. Administration of Justice

10. Staff Development and Senior
      Management Programme

11. Conditions of Service

12. Human Resource Planning

13. Revitalising UN Human Resources
      Management

14. Guidance for Career with United Nations

Bibliography

Glossary of Terms

Index

Arvind Gupta is member of the Indian Foreign Service. Presently he holds the Lal Bahadur Shastri Chair in Defence and Strategic Studies at the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA), New Delhi. He is Director of Studies at the Indian Pugwash Society.

Arundhati Ghose is a former Indian Permanent Representative to the Conference on Disarmament. She is currently on the Executive Committee of the Indian Pugwash Society, New Delhi. She is also on the editorial board of Disarmament Times (New York).

R.B. Grover is a Distinguished Scientist and Director, Strategic Planning Group, Department of Atomic Energy, Mumbai.

A. Vinod Kumar is Associate Fellow, Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi.

Amitav Mallik is a defence technologist and strategic analyst. He was formerly Director, LASTEC, Delhi and Member, NSAB (2003-2006).

Rajiv Nayan is Research Officer with the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi.

Rajesh Rajagopalan is Professor in International Politics at Centre for International Politics, Organisation and Disarmament, School of International Studies. He has authored a book titled: Second Strike: Arguments about Nuclear War in South Asia.

C. Raja Mohan is Professor, Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Singapore. Formerly, he was the Convenor of the Indian Pugwash Society and member of the National Security Advisory Board, Government of India.

S. Samuel C. Rajiv is a researcher with the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi.

Manpreet Sethi is a Senior Fellow at the Centre for Air Power Studies, New Delhi. She has written extensively in national and international journals on nuclear power, proliferation and disarmament. She is author of Argentina’s Nuclear Policy and co-author of Nuclear Deterrence and Diplomacy.

N.S. Sisodia is the Director General, Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA), New Delhi. He holds an Honours degree in History from the University of Delhi and a Masters degree from the Harvard University, USA where he was a Mason Fellow.

M.R. Srinivasan is former Chairman, Atomic Energy Commission. He is currently a member of National Security Advisory Board, Government of India.

K. Subrahmanyam is India’s leading strategic analyst. Formerly, he was the Convenor of the first National Security Advisory Board and Director, Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi.

Arun Vishwanathan is Associate Fellow, Indian Pugwash Society, New Delhi.

V. Krishnappa is a Research Fellow at the IDSA, New Delhi. His research interests include strategic dynamics in South and West Asia, great power politics, strategic theory, transnational terrorism and contemporary wars. He is the Book Review Editor of the Strategic Analysis (IDSA-Routledge) and Member of Editorial Committee of Journal of Defence Studies (IDSA).

Shanthie Mariet D’Souza is Associate Fellow at the IDSA, New Delhi. Her research interests and expertise includes United States policy towards Afghanistan, terrorism and strategies in counter-terrorism, non-state armed groups and armed conflicts in South Asia, global war on terrorism, Afghan insurgency and the counter-insurgency campaign.

Priyanka Singh is a Research Assistant in the IDSA, New Delhi. She holds an Honours degree in Political Science from Lady Shri Ram College, University of Delhi and a PhD in Indo-US Relations from the University of Lucknow.

A.K. Antony is Minister of Defence, Government of India (GoI), New Delhi.

Indranil Banerjie is the Founder and Executive Director of the SAPRA India Foundation, New Delhi.

Anup Kumar Datta is Professor, Department of Political Science, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling.

C. Christine Fair is a senior political scientist with the RAND Corporation, Washington D.C.

Ali A. Jalali is currently Distinguished Professor at the Near East South Asia Center for Strategic Studies (NESA), Washington D.C. and a researcher at the Institute for National Strategic Studies (INSS), Washington D.C.

Seth G. Jones is Adjunct Professor at Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University and a Political Scientist at the RAND Corporation, Washington D.C.

Rasul Bakhsh Rais is Professor of Political Science and Head, Department of Social Sciences, Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS).

Anita Inder Singh is currently Visiting Professor at the Centre for Peace and Conflict Resolution, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi.

Seema Sridhar is a doctoral candidate at the School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU).

Shazia Aziz Wülbers Editor of EuroIndia Publications and Board member of the EuroIndia Centre. She is also attached to Centre of International Research and Studies at Sciences Po.

Annegret Bendiek
Research Associate, German Institute for International and Security Affairs Berlin, Germany.

Surya Kumar Bose 
Director, Bose Information Technology, Hamburg, Germany and member of EuroIndia Centre.

Anne Coulon
Deputy Team leader in New Delhi, India on the EU project titled “EU India Trade and Investment Development Programme”. She is also attached to the Centre for European Studies at the University of Limerick, Ireland.

Rajendra K. Jain
Professor and Director, Europe Area Studies Programme, Centre for European Studies, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.

Sateesh Kulkarni
Director, Corporate Catalyst India Pvt Ltd., New Delhi, India.

C. Raja Mohan 
India’s leading Foreign and Security Analyst and Professor at the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.

Sudhanshu Rai
Department of Informatics, Copenhagen Business School, Frederiksberg, Denmark, and member of EuroIndia Centre.

Clemens Spiess
Lecturer, South Asia Institute, University of Heidelberg, Germany and former Country Director of the Böll Foundation, New Delhi, India.

Mario Telo
Director, Institut d’Etudes Européennes, Université Libre de Bruxelles and founder member of European Commission’s Garnet network of excellence.

Klaus Julian Voll
Head, India-Europe-Consultancy; former diplomat in the German Embassy in New Delhi and Representative of the Friedrich-Ebert-Foundation in India.

Christian Wagner
Senior Research Associate, German Institute for International and Security Affairs, Berlin, Germany.

Hans Georg Wieck 
Chairman, German India Society and Advisory Council of Intelligence Round Table.

Jose Miguel Andreu is Professor of Economics at the University of Sevilla (Spain) and currently works at the UNED (Open University of Spain). He has also taught Economics at the University of the Basque Country and at the University of Alcalá de Henares. For more than 30 years he has lectured on introduction to economics, intermediate and superior macroeconomics, theory of economic growth, money and banking etc. In addition, he has published several textbooks for students as well as reports for governments and written more than a hundred articles on Spanish and international economic matters. For two years (1981-82) he was economic advisor to the Prime Minister of Spain. From 2000 to 2003, he served as a diplomat to India, heading the Economic and Commercial Office of Spain. A forthcoming publication (2009) of Jose Miguel Andreu deals with the theory and politics of economic globalisation.

Rita Dulci Rahman has more than 30 years of experience in international economics and politics. She has intensively worked in the fields of development cooperation, trade and investment, migration, conflict resolution, good governance and global environment, and was committee-member or chair in several European and Dutch governmental and non-governmental bodies. Born in the Dutch Antilles, she currently works as a diplomat for the Netherlands Government. She is Master in Development Studies at the University of Leiden (Netherlands) and Bachelor in Mathematics, University of Surinam. She has published many articles on international economic and political relations and two novels.
Together, Rita Dulci Rahman and Jose Miguel Andreu have published several books on global economic and political matters. Among them, “China and India: Towards Global Economic Supremacy?”(2006), “Overcoming the EU Crisis” (2005), “Responsible Global Governance” (2004) and “Financing Economic Development and Human Security” (2002).

Note from the Authors

Preface

1. A World in Accelerated Change in Need of
    Democratic Global Governance

   
   Acceleration of History and Non-tenability of
   the Current Capitalism-Democracy Combination

   Towards a New Ideology for the Protection
   of Mankind in the 21st Century

   Main Traits of the Recent World History and
   Sources of Current International Tensions

   The Current World and its Polymorphic Change

   Facing the Big Trade Offs of New Societies

   Summary of the Chapter and Contents of the
   Book

2. Recent Evolution of the World Economy
    and Expected Radical Changes

   Trends of the World Economy in the Period
   1950-2007

   Shift Towards Asia of the Economic Gravity
   Centre of the World

   The Labour Market: A Non-considered Step
   for Efficient Globalisation

   Evolution of Inter-regional Differences of Per
   Capita GDP Economic Non-convergence and
   Negative Consequences for all Trade of Goods
   and Services, and Movements of Capital in the
   Second Half    of the 20th Century

   Economic and Political Conflicts in the 21st Century
   Require Global Solutions through Democratic Global
   Governance

Summary of the Chapter

3. Capitalism: Evolution in the 20th Century and
    Indispensable Corrections for Sustainability

    “Traditional-Liberal” Capitalism: International
      Competition, Internal Social Warnings and Collapse

    From “Traditional-Liberal” Capitalism to
    “Capitalism of the 21st Century”

    Evolution of the Economic Theory and
    Ideologies in the 20th Century

    Main Economic Problems of Current
    Capitalism

    Multilateral Political and Economic
    Framework to Correct Great Problems
    of Capitalism in the 21st Century

    Summary of the Chapter

4. Global Capitalism and Democracy

    Democracy: On its Definition and Working

    Limits and Conditions of Decision-making
    in Democracy

    Conditions for Sustainability of Democracy
    under Capitalism

    Blossoming of Democracies in the 20th
    Century

    National and Global Democracy: A First
    Evaluation

    Democratic Situation in the World Today
    and Perspectives

    Towards a More Efficient and Fair Capitalism-
    Democracy Combination in the 21st Century

    Summary of the Chapter

5. Democracy and Environmental Sustainability

    Introduction

    Data on Environment and Natural Resources
    of Common Use

    Externalities and Environment: A Theoretical
    Consideration

    Economic Growth and Environment
    Degradation

    Environment and International Trade

    Towards a More Integral and Rational
    Environmental Policy

    Summary of the Chapter

6. Capitalism and Democracy in the 21st Century:
    Democratic Global Governance for Sustainability

    Current State of the Democracy-
    Capitalism Combination

    Conclusions and Recommendations

    Profiles of Sustainable Capitalism and
    Democracy at Mid 21st Century

    End of Hegemonic Powers in the World

References

Index

Ruchita Beri is a Research Officer at Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA). She specialises on political and security issues of Sub-Saharan Africa. She has an M.Phil from the Centre for West Asian and African Studies, School of International Studies (SIS), Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi and a Diploma on Conflict Studies from the Department of Peace and Conflict Research, Uppsala University, Sweden. She is currently the Vice President of the African Studies Association of India and an alumna of the Women in International Security (WIIS), USA. She has lectured at the National Defence College, New Delhi and College of Naval Warfare, Mumbai. She has published several articles in books and academic journals.

Uttam Kumar Sinha is a Fellow at IDSA, New Delhi. He is also the assistant editor of Strategic Digest and Member, Editorial Board, Strategic Analysis. He is a PhD in International Politics and before joining IDSA was in the editorial team of The Pioneer and wrote the weekly column titled Strategic Eye. He is a visiting fellow to PRIO (International Peace Research Institute, Oslo) and Visiting Professor at the Malviya Centre for Peace Research, BHU (Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi). He has edited "UN Multilateralism and International Security" and is co-author of the book "Iraq War 2003: Rise of the New Multilateralism". He was awarded the 2008 Indo-British Chevening Gurukul Scholarship at the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE).

Chris Alden is Reader, International Relations Department, London School of Economics and Political Science. He has taught at University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa and Emmanuel College, Boston, Massachusetts. As a MacArthur Post-Doctoral Fellow at Cambridge University, Dr. Alden worked on the role of the United Nations and the demilitarisation of conflict in the Third World. He has been a Visiting Professor at the Institute of Social Science, University of Tokyo and at Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto and also at Ecole Normale Superieure (Cachan), Paris. Dr. Chris Alden has a PhD from Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University. He has been a consultant to World Bank, CLSA and JP Morgan. He has published several books including: China Returns to Africa: A Rising Power and a Continent Embrace (co-edited with Dan Large and Ricardo Soares de Oliveira) and China in Africa.

Ana Cristina Alves is currently a doctoral student at the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), International Relations department, conducting research on China’s relations with the Third World, focusing on the Portuguese speaking Countries. She is lecturer at the Institute for Social and Political Sciences Technical University of Lisbon where she teaches Asia-related subjects. She is also a researcher at the Instituto do Oriente, and has published several articles on the Overseas Chinese in SE Asia, China’s political ideology, China’s relations with Portuguese speaking countries as well as co-authored Macau in the Pearl River Delta and RAE Macau: Cinco anos. She sits on the editorial board of Daxiyangguo: Portuguese Journal of Asian Studies, a bilingual journal published by Instituto do Oriente.

Daniel Bach is a Professorial Fellow at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and a Professor at Sciences Po Bordeaux. He holds the Diplome d’Habiliation à Diriger des Recherches (Bordeaux I University), a D.Phil from Oxford University, a DES from Paris I (Panthéon-Sorbonne) University and a Diploma of the Institut d’Etudes Politiques of Grenoble II University. He has taught at Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife-Ife (Nigeria), the University of Montréal, ISCTE in Lisbon, Boston University and Ritsumeikan University. He has published on the political economy of Nigerian federalism; the foreign policies of Nigeria and South Africa; regionalism, regional institutions and the regionalisation processes in Africa; the interactions between Africa’s regionalisation processes and the globalisation of the world economy; various aspects of relations between France, the European Union, China and Africa. He is preparing a book on Africa and international relations theory.

Karim Bathily is Deputy Chief of Economic Bureau, Embassy of Senegal in China and a researcher with the School of International Relations and Public Affairs, Fudan University, Shanghai. He is the Coordinator of UVA (African Virtual University), a joint programme between Howard University and Saint Luis University of Senegal. His area of research interest includes African studies and Sino-African relation.

Asim I. El Moghraby is an environmentalist specialising in water and natural resources management with over 42 years of experience. He retired as a professor from the Department of Ecology at the University of Khartoum. He was the first Sudanese director of the Hydrobiological Research Unit and the founding director of the Institute of Environmental Studies. Since 2005, he has been on the Board of Trustees of Friends of Peace and Development (FPDO)—a Sudanese NGO working in the war affected areas, mainly on de-mining. He was a founding member of the prestigious Sudanese Academy of Science (SNAS), and has been on the Board of Directors of SLIRI, a Sudanese NGO with strong international connections dealing with information on mines in the Sudan (e.g., UN Landmines Action Service-UNMAS). Since 2001, he has been Chairman of Partners in Environmental Sustainability (PIES), a private company involved in Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). He has also been a member of the Advisory Board to the Minister of Environmental and Physical Planning in Khartoum; and since 1999, on the Advisory Board to the Minister of Animal Resources and Fisheries.

Mike Musaka works as a Consultant for the Direct Conflict Prevention Programme for the Institute for Security Studies (ISS) in Addis Ababa. Prior to this he was Senior Humanitarian Affairs Officer for African Union Mission (AMIS) for Peace Keeping Operation in Darfur, Sudan. His other assignments include: General Supervisor for the Technical Team for the African Union (AU) Symbols (Anthem, Emblem and Flag) Project Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Senior Conference and Events Organiser for the Transition Planning Support Team (TPST) for the Organisation of African Unity/African Union (OAU/AU), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Deputy Director for Information and Publicity; Zimbabwe; Area Manager for Zimbabwe Newspapers; Senior Administrative Officer, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Zimbabwe Government. He has an MA in Peace Studies from Bradford University and MA in Political Science from Carleton University, Canada.

Cyril I. Obi is currently the Coordinator of the research programme on Post-Conflict Transition, the State and Civil Society in Africa, at the Nordic Africa Institute (NAI) in Uppsala. He is presently on leave from the Nigerian Institute of International Affairs (NIIA), Lagos, where he is an Associate Research Professor. In 2004, Dr. Obi became the second Claude Ake Professor. He has over a hundred publications, comprising edited books, monographs, journal articles and chapter contributions, some of which have been translated into French, Arabic, Italian, Norwegian, German, and Spanish. He also serves on the editorial boards of several academic journals. He is active in the networks of the Nigerian Political Science Association (NPSA), The Swedish Network of Peace, Conflict and Development Research, the International Studies Association (ISA), the Canadian Association of African Studies (CAAS), African Association of Political Science (AAPS), CODESRIA, and international academic networks in Europe and North America.

Girijesh Pant is the Vice Chancellor, Doon University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. He holds a Masters degree in Economics from Allahabad University and a doctorate from the School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. Prof. Pant is currently working on India’s energy security, globalisation and the West Asian economies and corporate social responsibility. He has authored and edited eight books and published more than fifty research articles. He was Vice Chancellor, GGD University, Bilaspur, India and Vice President, Indian Academy of Social Sciences. He was Senior Fulbright Fellow at the University of Illinois, USA. He is also President of the Indian Academy of Social Science, Delhi Chapter.

Anand Sharma is the Minister of State for External Affairs, Government of India. He has been a prominent public face of the Indian National Congress and was Chief Spokesman of the party for six years. He was elevated to the Union Council of Ministers with responsibility for Foreign Affairs in January 2006. He is recognised for his personal commitment to the struggle against apartheid in South Africa. As President of the Indian Youth Congress, he was instrumental in convening an International Youth Conference against Apartheid in New Delhi to commemorate the 75th anniversary of the African National Congress in January 1987. In addition to being Chairman of the Indian Anti-Apartheid Movement, he also chaired the World Youth Action against Apartheid. He was appointed to observe the South African Transition Process and Elections in 1994 by the Commonwealth Secretary-General.

James Shikwati is the Founder and Director of the Inter Region Economic Network—a think tank and consultancy firm that focuses on ideas and strategies geared towards economic development in Africa. He is also the founder and owner of The African Executive—a weekly opinion and business magazine and the Country Director of SIFE Kenya—an organisation that promotes business thinking among university undergraduates. He also serves as a member of the following bodies among others: World Agricultural Forum; The Economic and Social Cultural Council of the African Union; The Mont Pelerin Society; The Creative Economy (Africa); and The Republican Club (Kenya). Mr Shikwati was named among the top 100 most influential Kenyans in a study that was conducted by The East African Standard Group in 2007. He was named among the 245 Young Global Leaders of 2008 by the Forum of Young Global Leaders, an affiliate of the World Economic Forum.

Alsir Sidahmed is a media consultant and a freelance journalist. He is a regular columnist in Al-Eqtisadiah, a Saudi business daily; Al-Ray Al-Aam, a daily in Khartoum and Sudan Vision, an English daily also published from Khartoum. He is an occasional contributor in the online service Sudan Tribune, the Pan-Arabic daily newspaper; the London-based Asharq Alawsat, the Toronto-based The Globe and Mail. Some of his journalist assignment includes Managing Editor and founding member of Al-Eqtisadiah, the first Saudi business daily in Arabic from Jeddah; Riyadh Bureau Chief, Arab News, the first Saudi English daily; Senior Editor, Saudi Business magazine, Jeddah and Editor, Sudanow magazine, an English language monthly, Khartoum. He is co-author of Sudan, a country series on the Contemporary Middle East.

Ricardo Soares de Oliveira is a University Lecturer in Comparative Politics (African Politics) at the Department of Politics and International Relations, Oxford University; Fellow of St. Peter’s College, Oxford University and a Fellow with the Global Public Policy Institute, Berlin. He is the author of Oil and Politics in the Gulf of Guinea and a co-editor of China Returns to Africa: A Rising Power and a Continent Embrace (with Daniel Large and Chris Alden) and The New Protectorates: International Tutelage and the Building of Liberal States (with James Mayall, in prep.). He is also a contributing author to Bottom of the Barrel: Africa’s Oil Boom and the Poor among many other publications. He holds a BA in Politics from the University of York, an M.Phil in International Relations and a PhD, both from the University of Cambridge.

Nalin Surie joined the Indian Foreign Service in July 1973 and is currently Secretary (West), Ministry of External Affairs. He served in Indian Missions in Hong Kong, Brussels, Dar-es Salaam, Thimpu (Deputy Chief of Mission), New York (1994-1997: Deputy Permanet Representative to the UN), Warsaw (1997-2000: Ambassador), and Beijing (2003-2006: Ambassador). He has a Masters in Economics from the Delhi School of Economics.

N.S. Sisodia is the Director General, Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA), New Delhi. He holds an Honours degree in History from the University of Delhi and a Masters degree from the Harvard University, USA where he was a Mason Fellow. He joined the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) in 1968 and served as Additional Secretary, National Security Council Secretariat and Secretary, Government of India in the Ministries of Finance and Defence. He has also been the Vice Chancellor, University of Udaipur. He has co-edited Emerging India: Security and Foreign Policy Perspectives; India and the World; Changing Security Dynamic in Eastern Asia: Focus on Japan; India-Japan Relations: Partnership for Peace and Security; and West Asia in Turmoil: Implications for Global Security.

V. Krishnappa is a Research Fellow at the IDSA, New Delhi. His research interests include strategic dynamics in South and West Asia, great power politics, strategic theory, transnational terrorism and contemporary wars. He is the Book Review Editor of Strategic Analysis (IDSA-Routledge) and Member of Editorial Committee of Journal of Defence Studies (IDSA).

Robert Ayson is Director of Studies, Graduate Studies, Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University, Canberra.

Abanti Bhattacharya is Associate Fellow at IDSA, New Delhi.

Bharti Chhibber is lecturer in Political Science at Miranda House, University of Delhi.

James Cotton is Professor of Politics, University of New South Wales at the Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra.

Bruce Cumings is Professor of History at University of Chicago.

Sujit Dutta is Senior Fellow at IDSA, New Delhi.

P.K. Gautam is Research Fellow at IDSA, New Delhi.

Namrata Goswami is Associate Fellow at IDSA, New Delhi.

Shigekatsu Kondo is Senior Research Fellow and Executive Director of National Institute for Defense Studies (NIDS), Tokyo.

Yevgeniy M. Kozhokin is Director, Russia’s Institute for Strategic Studies (RISS), Moscow.

Arpita Mathur is Associate Fellow at IDSA, New Delhi.

Gregory J.B. Mills directs the Johannesburg-based Brenthurst Foundation.

Wong Ming-Hsien is Senior Advisor in National Security Council, R.O.C and Associate Professor at Graduate Institute of International Affairs and Strategic Studies, Tamkang University, Taiwan.

C. Raja Mohan is Professor at S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.

Phunchok Stobdan is Senior Fellow at IDSA, New Delhi.

Gudrun Wacker is Head of Research Unit Asia at Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik (German Institute for International and Security Affairs), Berlin.

Xu Xin is Associate Director of the China and Asia-Pacific Studies Program and Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of Government at Cornell University, New York.

N.S. Sisodia is the Director General, Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA), New Delhi. He holds an Honours degree in History from the University of Delhi and a Masters degree from the Harvard University, USA where he was a Mason Fellow. He joined the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) in 1968 and served as Additional Secretary, National Security Council Secretariat and Secretary to Government of India in the Ministries of Finance and Defence. He has also been the Vice Chancellor, University of Udaipur. He has co-edited "Emerging India: Security and Foreign Policy Perspectives"; "India and the World"; "Changing Security Dynamic in Eastern Asia: Focus on Japan"; "India-Japan Relations: Partnership for Peace and Security"; and "West Asia in Turmoil: Implications for Global Security."

V. Krishnappa is a Research Fellow at the IDSA, New Delhi. His research interests include strategic dynamics in South and West Asia, great power politics, strategic theory, transnational terrorism and contemporary wars. He is the Book Review Editor of the "Strategic Analysis" (IDSA-Routledge) and Member of Editorial Committee of "Journal of Defence Studies (IDSA)."

Priyanka Singh is a Research Assistant in the IDSA, New Delhi. She holds an Honours degree in Political Science from Lady Shri Ram College, University of Delhi and a PhD in Indo-US Relations from the University of Lucknow.

Selig S. Harrison is a Senior Scholar at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars and Director of the Asia Program at the Center for International Policy, Washington D.C.

Reshmi Kazi is Associate Fellow at IDSA, New Delhi.

Shireen M. Mazari is Director-General, Institute of Strategic Studies, Islamabad.

Pranab Mukherjee is Minister of External Affairs, Government of India.

T.V. Paul is Professor of International Relations in the Department of Political Science at McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

Rajesh Rajagopalan is Associate Professor in International Politics at the Centre for International Politics, Organisation and Disarmament, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.

Michael Yaffe is the Academic Dean and Professor at the Near East South Asia Center for Strategic Studies (NESA), Washington D.C.

Chintamani Mahapatra is currently Professor of American Studies and Chairman of the Centre for Canadian, US & Latin American Studies at School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. Prof. Mahapatra was a Fulbright Scholar at the University of Delaware, USA, Commonwealth Scholar at the University of London, Foreign Policy Fellow at University of Maryland, USA, Salzburg Seminar Fellow in Austria and a Visiting Fellow at the Australian Defence Studies Centre, Canberra.

He frequently gives lectures at Society for International Law and Diplomacy, National Defence College, Army War College, College of Naval Warfare, and various Academic Staff Colleges in India. He has authored three books, edited one and has contributed chapters to above twenty edited volumes and has published above fifty articles in reputed national and international journals.

Foreword 

Acknowledgements

Introduction

1.American Encounter with Islam
   and the Muslims

2.The American Perception of Islam

3.Washington’s Approach to Political
   Islam during the Cold War

4.Islam in Post-Cold War Era: Clinton’s
   Attitude

5.War Against Jihad and Insurgency:
   Afghanistan and Iraq

6.Managing Islamic Radicals: Libya,
   Syria and Iran

7.Anti-Americanism in Pro-American States:
   Saudi Arabia and Egypt

8.Implications for India

9.Concluding Observations

Select Bibliography

Index

Rajendra Madhukar Abhyankar is Director, Centre for West Asian Studies at the Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi. Ambassador Abhyankar retired from the Indian Diplomatic Service after more than 36 years of multi-faceted diplomatic experience of people, places and issues. He has been Ambassador to Syria, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Luxembourg and the European Union and High Commissioner to Cyprus and Deputy High Commissioner to Sri Lanka. 

He was responsible for fashioning India's policy on Palestine-Israel issue; and on developing India's relations with Israel and formulated and supervised India's policy in the field of counter-terror-ism. He led a number of bilateral groups with countries in the region.

Rajendra M. Abhyankar, Director, Centre for West Asian Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi. Former diplomat
Qamar Agha, an independent journalist and Visiting Professor, Centre for West Asian Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi.

M.S. Agwani, former Vice Chancellor, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.

Anwar Alam, Professor, Academy of Third World Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi.

Mujib Alam, Lecturer, Academy of Third World Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi.

Mukhtar Alam, Post-doctoral Fellow, Centre for Asian and African Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.

B. Sheikh Ali, former Vice Chancellor of Mangalore and Goa Universities.

Hamid Ansari, first Coordinator of the Centre for West Asian Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi; former diplomat; Chairman, National Minorities 

Commission; now Hon’ble Vice President of India

Mehtab Alam Ansari, Lecturer in the Department of Library & Information Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh.

Rafiullah Azmi, Research Associate at the Centre for West Asian Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi.

Mirza Nehal Ahmed Baig, Assistant Regional Director, IGNOU Regional Centre, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir.

Noor Ahmad Baba, Professor and Head in the Department of Political Science, Kashmir University, Srinagar.

Purushottam Bhattacharya, Professor of International Relations and Director, School of International Relations & Strategic Studies, Jadavpur University, 

Kolkata.

Sujata Ashwarya Cheema, Lectuer, Centre for West Asian Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi.

Gulshan Dietl, Professor, Centre for West Asian and African Studies, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.

Mohammad Gulrez, Professor of West Asian Studies, Centre for West Asian Studies, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh.

Ranjit Gupta, Visiting Fellow at the Institute of Chinese Studies, New Delhi. Formerly Visiting Professor at the Academy of Third World Studies, Jamia 

Millia Islamia, New Delhi and former diplomat.

Shamir Hasan, Professor of West Asian Studies, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh.

Sameena Hameed, Ph.D Scholar, Centre for Asian and African Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.

Jawaid Iqbal, Reader, Centre for West Asian Studies, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh.

Prakash C. Jain, Associate Professor, Centre for West Asian and African Studies, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New 

Delhi.

Ajish P. Joy, Researcher, Observer Research Foundation, New Delhi.

Javed Ahmad Khan, Reader, Academy of Third World Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi.

Pranav Kumar, Senior Research Scholar, Centre for West Asian and African Studies, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New 

Delhi and Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fellow.

Arshi Khan, Reader, Department of Political Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh.

Aswini K. Mohapatra, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.

El Sayed Mekkawi, Senior Research Scholar, CWAAS, SIS, JNU and Lecturer, History Department, Menoufia University, Egypt.

Jamal M. Moosa, Reader, Academy of Third World Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi.

Javeed Nadeem Nadwi, Researcher, West Asia Cluster, Institute of Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi.

Nasim Akhtar Nadwi, Department of Arabic, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi.

H.A. Nazmi, Lecturer, Centre for West Asian Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi.

Girijesh Pant, Professor, Centre for West Asian and African Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.

A.K. Pasha, Professor, Gulf Studies and former Chairperson, Centre for West Asian and African Studies, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal 

Nehru University, New Delhi.

A.C. Patankar, Principal Adviser, Confederation of Indian Industry, Mumbai.

Bansidhar Pradhan, Associate Professor, Centre for West Asian and African Studies, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New 

Delhi.

Anisur Rahman, Reader, Academic Staff College, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi.

Sumanti Shivakumar, Reader, Stella Maris College, Chennai.

Rushda Siddiqui, Researcher, Institute of Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi.

Atish Sinha, career diplomat since 1970; served in Bangladesh, USA, Thailand, Kuwait, Nepal, Canada, Nigeria. Presently Dean, Foreign Service Institute.

Madhup Mohta, graduated in Medicine from All India Institute of Medical Sciences. Career diplomat since 1986, he served in Hong Kong, Nepal and Thailand; Director, Indian Council of Cultural Relations; and presently, Director, Foreign Service Institute, New Delhi. Well known poet. Has edited many magazines and books.

Rajendra M. Abhyankar, Director, Centre for West Asian Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi. Formerly career diplomat, he has been Ambassador to the EU, Belgium, Luxembourg, Syria, Turkey, and Cyprus. He has also served as Secretary, Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India.

Talmiz Ahmad, career diplomat since 1974; he has been Ambassador to Saudi Arabia and Oman; Additional Secretary (International Cooperation) in the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (2005-06), Government of India. Since April 2006, Director-General of the Indian Council of World Affairs (ICWA).

Hamid Ansari is Chairperson of the National Commission for Minorities and a former Permanent Representative to the UN and Ambassador to Iran and Saudi Arabia. He has been Vice-Chancellor of the Aligarh Muslim University, Member of the National Security Advisory Board and Distinguished Fellow at the Observer Research Foundation.

Ishrat Aziz, formerly career diplomat, served in Baghdad, Rabat, Beirut, San Francisco. He has been Ambassador to UAE, Saudi Arabia, Brazil, and Tunisia.

K. Shankar Bajpai, presently Chairman of the Delhi Policy Group. Formerly career diplomat, he has been Secretary, Ministry of External Affairs; Government of India’s Representative in Sikkim; Ambassador to the Netherlands, Pakistan, China and the US. Subsequently, he has also been Visiting Professor at the University of California, Berkeley and Professor at the Brandeis University.

Harsh Bhasin, currently Visiting Professor of International Relations at the State University of New York, Stony Brook (USA). Formerly career diplomat, he has been envoy to South Africa, Botswana and Denmark; besides assignments in Hong Kong, Beijing, Washington, New York, Kuala Lumpur and Kathmandu.

Sanjay Bhattacharyya, career diplomat since 1987, served in Beijing, Brussels, Hong Kong and Headquarters. He studied Economics in St. Stephen’s College and Delhi School of Economics and Chinese at Chinese University, Hong Kong.

Prem K. Budhwar, formerly career diplomat, served in Moscow, Hong Kong, Hanoi, Hamburg, Bonn; Ambassador to Ethiopia, Brazil, High Commissioner to Canada.

Anuradha M. Chenoy, is Professor, School of International Studies (SIS), Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi; Chairperson and Director of Russian and Central Asian Studies, SIS. Her books include: The Making of New Russia; Militarism and Women in South Asia and Human Security: Concept and Implications, co-authored with Shahrbanou Tadjbakhsh.

A.K. Damodaran, formerly career diplomat, has served in Colombo, Prague, Bonn, Berlin, Beijing and Moscow. He has been Ambassador to Sweden, Italy; Visiting Professor, Centre for Diplomatic Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University.

Chandrashekhar Dasgupta, formerly career diplomat, has served in Mexico, Italy, Bangladesh, United Kingdom; at Permanent Mission in New York. He has been High Commissioner to Singapore, Tanzania; Ambassador to China and the European Union. Currently Distinguished Fellow, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI). Dasgupta is the author of War and Diplomacy in Kashmir 1947-48.

Muchkund Dubey, is currently President, Council for Social Development and Vice Chairman, Planning Commission of Sikkim. Formerly, Foreign Secretary; Professor, Jawaharlal Nehru University; High Commissioner to Bangladesh and Permanent Representative to UN Organisations in Geneva. He has authored several books and contributed chapters to various books and articles in reputed national and foreign journals. Professor Emeritus, Foreign Service Institute, New Delhi.Chinmaya R. Gharekhan, formerly career diplomat, served in Egypt, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Laos, Vietnam, former Yugoslavia. He has a quarter century of dealing with the United Nations in various capacities; Permanent Representative to the United Nations in Geneva and New York and Under Secretary General in the United Nations Secretariat.

Arundhati Ghose, formerly career diplomat, served in various posts in Bangladesh, Europe and the Indian delegations to the UN in Paris and New York. Till 1997, Permanent Representative to UN offices in Geneva and Conference on Disarmament. She has been Ambassador to South Korea and Egypt; served on UNSG’s Disarmament Advisory Board (1998-2001); member of CSCAP Study Group on Countering the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction in the Asia Pacific. Currently, Member, UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.

Baladas Ghoshal, Visiting Professor, Department of Intercultural Studies, Nagoya City University, Japan. Formerly, Professor and Chairman, Centre for South, Central, South-East Asian and South-West Pacific Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. He was also a Consultant to the United Nations Support Facility for Indonesian Recovery (UNSFIR) in Jakarta in 2003. He reads, writes and speaks Malay and Bahasa Indonesia and is currently working on Radical Islam and Regional Security in South-East Asia.

Ranjit Gupta, formerly career diplomat, served in Cairo, New York (PMI), Gangtok, Jeddah, Frankfurt and Kathmandu; successively India’s Ambassador to Yemen (North), Venezuela, Oman, Thailand, Spain, and Head of the non-official Office in Taiwan. Currently Visiting Fellow, Institute of Chinese Studies, New Delhi.

Abid Hussain, a distinguished Economist and Diplomat; Member of the Planning Commission; India’s Ambassador to USA (1991-1993); Member of the International Panel on Democracy and Development of UNESCO. Professor Emeritus, Foreign Service Institute, New Delhi.

S. Jaishankar, career diplomat since 1977; served in Tokyo, Washington, Moscow, Colombo, Budapest; Ambassador to Czech Republic; presently Joint Secretary (Americas), closely involved in the India-United States civil nuclear negotiations.

Nagendra Nath Jha, formerly career diplomat, served in Vienna, Permanent Mission in New York, Kathmandu; Ambassador to Ireland, Turkey, Kuwait; High Commissioner to Colombo.

Afsir Karim, Maj. Gen (Retd.), specialist on issues related to terrorism and internal conflicts; published a number of books on the subject: Counter Terrorism: The Pakistan Factor (1991); Transnational Terrorism: Danger in the South (1993). Currently, editor of Aakrosh, a journal on Terrorism and Internal Conflicts.

I.P. Khosla, formerly career diplomat, Secretary, Ministry of External Affairs, served in several assignments, mainly in the neighbouring countries, in Myanmar and successively, India’s Representative to Bhutan and then High Commissioner to Bangladesh, also Ambassador to Afghanistan.

Krishan Kumar, career diplomat since 1984, served in Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Mozambique, Japan, Jordan, France, presently Deputy Chief of Mission in Brasilia.Mohan Kumar, career diplomat since 1981, served in Permanent Mission of India in Geneva and as Deputy High Commissioner to Sri Lanka (2001-2005). Currently, Joint Secretary, in charge of relations with Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Maldives and Myanmar.

Nagesh Kumar, Director-General of RIS (Research and Information System for Developing Countries, New Delhi). Previously served the UN University, Maastricht, and has been a consultant to the World Bank, ADB, UNCTAD, UNIDO, UN-ESCAP, and ILO. He is the recipient of the Exim Bank’s first international trade research award and is a GDN Research Medal winner.

Dilip Lahiri, formerly career diplomat, he has been Ambassador to France, Spain; served in Bangladesh; Permanent Mission in New York; at Headquarters coordinating UN matters, and Dean, Foreign Service Institute. He has published articles on India’s nuclear and security policy, and edited Foreign Service Institute’s book on India’s Foreign Policy for the 21st century.

Mani Singh Mamik, Commodore, a retired naval aviator; alumni of NDA, DSSC Wellington; holds MSc. and Ph.D. (Effectiveness of Sea Based Nuclear Weapons in International Relations) from University of Madras. He has served as Deputy Director General Defence Planning Staff; OSD to the Chief of Naval Staff for Strategic Affairs and also as faculty of DSSC, Wellington.

Dalip Mehta, formerly career diplomat; Ambassador to Bhutan and the Central Asian Republics of Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan; Secretary in the Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India and Dean, Foreign Service Institute, New Delhi till 2002. Dalip Mehta is a Trustee of the Dalai Lama’s Foundation for Universal Responsibility and a Director of the India-Bhutan Foundation.

Jagat Singh Mehta, formerly career diplomat (1947-1980), Charge d’affaires, China (1963-1966); High Commissioner, Tanzania (1970-1974); Foreign Secretary, (1976-1979). He was involved in Negotiations on (i) Sino-Indian Boundary Question (1960);(ii) Compensation for Indians expelled from Uganda (1975);(iii) Comprehensive normalisation with Pakistan (1976); (iv) Salal Hydel Project (1976); (v) Withdrawal of Farakka from UN and Finalising Agreement (1977); and (viii) Separating Trade and Transit Treaties with Nepal (1978). He was Associate at Harvard (1969 and 1980) and Fellow at Woodrow Wilson Centre, Washington (1981). His publications include: Militarization in the Third World (1985); The March of Folly in Afghanistan (2002); and Negotiating for India (2006).

Raja Menon, Rear Admiral (Retd.), was Indian Navy career officer till 1994. Subsequently, he authored three books: Sea Power and India’s Security; A Nuclear Strategy for India, and Weapons of Mass Destruction: Options for India. He headed the Naval Headquarters group that recently wrote the Indian Navy’s New Maritime Strategy. He is currently the Chairman of the Task Force on Net Assessment and Simulation in the National Security Council.

C. Raja Mohan, Foreign Policy Analyst, with a Masters Degree in Nuclear Physics and Ph. D. in International Relations, was Professor of South Asian Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. Currently the Strategic Affairs Editor of the Indian Express. His publications include: Crossing the Rubicon, The Shaping of India’s New Foreign Policy and Impossible Allies: Nuclear India, United States and the Global Order.

Madhup Mohta, graduated in Medicine from All India Institute of Medical Sciences. Career diplomat since 1986, he served in Hong Kong, Nepal and Thailand; Director, Indian Council of Cultural Relations; and presently, Director, Foreign Service Institute, New Delhi. Well known poet. Has edited many magazines and books.

Deb Mukharji, formerly career diplomat, has served in Berne, Islamabad, Bonn, San Francisco. He was High Commissioner to Nigeria, Bangladesh and Ambassador to Nepal.

G. Parthasarathy, formerly career diplomat; served in Moscow, Washington DC; Official Spokesman of the Ministry of External Affairs; Joint Secretary, Prime Minister’s Office; Ambassador to Myanmar; and High Commissioner to Cyprus, Australia, Pakistan.

Hardeep Puri, career diplomat since 1974, served in Tokyo, Geneva, Colombo; Deputy High Commissioner in London, Permanent Representative to the UN in Geneva. He has been Ambassador to Brasilia since 2005.

Lakshmi Puri, career diplomat since 1974, served in Tokyo, Geneva, Colombo; Ambassador to Budapest. Since 2002, on deputation as Director, Division on International Trade and Goods and Services and Commodities, UNCTAD, Geneva.

C. V. Ranganathan, formerly career diplomat, served in Permanent Mission in New York, Bonn; Deputy Chief of Mission in Moscow; and Ambassador to Ethiopia, China and France.

Krishna V. Rajan, formerly career diplomat, served as Advisor to the Minister of External Affairs; Secretary, Ministry of External Affairs; Ambassador to Algeria and Nepal. Served in diplomatic assignments in Washington DC and Paris. Presently, Member, National Security Advisory Board.

Sunanda K. Datta-Ray, now Senior Research Fellow at Singapore’s Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, was Editor, The Statesman (Calcutta and Delhi); Visiting Fellow, Corpus Christi College, Oxford; Editor-in-Residence, East-West Center, Honolulu. He has practiced and taught journalism in Britain, India, the US and Singapore for nearly 50 years.

Shyam Saran, Special Envoy, Prime Minister’s Office; formerly Foreign Secretary; Ambassador to Nepal, Indonesia, Myanmar; High Commissioner in Mauritius; and also served in Tokyo, Beijing; Permanent Mission of India, Geneva.

Navtej Sarna, career diplomat since 1980, MEA’s Official Spokesman. He has served in Russia, Poland, Bhutan, Iran, USA and Geneva. He is the author of We Weren’t Lovers Like That, The Book of Nanak, Folk Tales of Poland.

Aftab Seth, formerly career diplomat, served as Ambassador to Greece, Vietnam, Japan. During 2004-2006, Professor and Director of Global Security Research Institute, Keio University (2004-2006). Presently, Chairman, International Advisory Committee.

J.C. Sharma, formerly career diplomat; Secretary, Ministry of External Affairs; Member Secretary of the High Level Committee on Indian Diaspora. He has made significant contribution in formulation of India’s policy towards its Diaspora; organised first and second Pravasi Bhartiya Divas. He has headed Indian Consulates in Vancouver and Chicago and the Embassies in Cambodia and Vietnam.

Gurjit Singh, career diplomat since 1980, Ambassador to Ethiopia, Djibouti and Representative of India to the African Union; served in Tokyo, Colombo, Nairobi and Rome. He has published The Abalone Factor–An Overview of India-Japan Business Relations in 1997 which won the Bimal Sanyal Award for Research by the Foreign Service Institute.

Jasjit Singh, Air Commodore (Retd.) is currently Director, Centre for Strategic and International Studies, New Delhi. Author and editor of more than three dozen books including Air Power in Modern Warfare (1985); Non-provocative Defence (1989); Security of Third World Countries (1993); India’s Defence Spending (2000), and Nuclear Deterrence & Diplomacy (2004). Member of the National Security Advisory Board.

Atish Sinha, career diplomat since 1970; served in Bangladesh, USA, Thailand, Kuwait, Nepal, Canada, Nigeria. Presently Dean, Foreign Service Institute.

Krishnan Srinivasan, formerly career diplomat, High Commissioner to Zambia, Nigeria and Bangladesh; Ambassador to Netherlands; Foreign Secretary (1994-95); Commonwealth Deputy Secretary-General (1995-2002); Fellow of Wolfson College, Cambridge and School of Advanced Studies, London (2002-2005); Fellow of Maulana Azad Institute for Asian Studies, Kolkata (2006-2007); and Visiting Professor, ASCI, Hyderabad from 2005.

P. Stobdan, served in Central Asia as the Director of the Indian Cultural Centre, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Joint Director, National Security Council Secretariat (NSCS); Senior Fellow, Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA), New Delhi; currently Director of the Centre for Strategic and Regional Studies (CSRS), University of Jammu.

K. Subrahmanyam, Strategic and Foreign Affairs Analyst; Convener of the first National Security Advisory Board; Chairman of Global Strategic Task Force. Formerly, Director, Institute for Defence Studies & Analyses (IDSA), New Delhi and Secretary, Defence Production, Ministry of Defence.

Navdeep Suri, career diplomat since 1983; served in Cairo, Damascus, Washington DC, Dar-es-Salaam, London, and at Headquarters as Joint Secretary (Africa). Presently, Consul General in Johannesburg.

Pavan K. Varma, career diplomat since 1976; served in Sofia, Bucharest, Permanent Mission in New York; Director, Nehru Cultural Centre, Moscow and The Nehru Centre, London; Official Spokesman, Ministry of External Affairs. Well known author of many books including bestselling Being Indian. Presently Director General, Indian Council for Cultural Relations.

N.S. Sisodia is Director, Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, and a member of the National Security Advisory Board. He holds an Honours degree in History from University of Delhi and a Master’s Degree in Public Policy and Management from Harvard University, USA, where he was a Mason Fellow. He joined the Indian Administrative Service in 1968 and served as Additional Secretary, National Security Council Secretariat, and Secretary to Government of India in the Ministries of Finance and Defence. He was a member of the Task Force constituted to recommend measures for reforming the Management of Defence. He has also been Vice Chancellor, University of Udaipur.

He has co-edited Emerging India: Security and Foreign Policy Perspectives (2005), India and the World (2005), Changing Security Dynamic in Eastern Asia: Focus on Japan (2005) and India - Japan Relations: Partnership for Peace and Security in Asia (2006).

Ashok K. Behuria is a Research Fellow at the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi. He has done his Ph.D. on International Relations from Jawaharlal Nehru University and has published chapters in books and written many articles on issues related to national and international politics and security in various research journals and magazines of repute. His recent publications on West Asia include occasional papers on West Asia, titled Reconstructing Iraq: The Challenges Ahead, President Khatami's India Visit: Reconstructing India-Iran Relations.

Marian Abisheva is a Deputy Director for Science at the Kazakh Institute for Strategic Studies under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. She was earlier Academic Secretary of the Kazakhstan Institute for Strategic Studies under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. She is a Ph.D. in Political Science. She wrote her Ph.D. dissertation on “Factors of Social Security in the Context of Provision of Internal Political Stability of Kazakhstan Society” in 2004. She has published more than 20 articles on issues relating to national security, globalisation and intercultural cooperation, and the internal policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Talmiz Ahmad is the Director General of Indian Council of World Affairs, New Delhi, India. He is a career diplomat and has been the Official Spokesman of the Ministry of External Affairs, Joint Secretary (Gulf/Hajj) and Ambassador of India to Saudi Arabia and the Sultanate of Oman. He was also Additional Secretary in the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas. Mr. Talmiz Ahmad has a special interest in political Islam and Islamic affairs in general, as also the politics of West Asia. He has published a monograph titled: An Introduction to Contemporary Islamic Groups and Movements in India. His book titled: Reform in the Arab World External Influences and Regional Debates was released in July 2005.

Jaffar Mirghani Ahmed is the Director General, Sudan Civilization Institute. He has been the Head of Department, Linguistics, in the International University of Africa. He has also been a Visiting Professor at the University of Ben Saud in Riyadh, University of Chad, Islamic University of Omdurman, Institute of Ethiopian Studies in Addis Abbaba, Sudan Higher Institute and Burgeiba Institute in Tunisia. He has published many papers in different fields of studies, i.e., Linguistics, Phonetics, Language Studies, Social History, Islamic Studies and Cultural Aspects.

Nobumasa Akiyama is a Senior Research Fellow at CPDNP, Japan Institute of International Affairs, Tokyo. He has been the Advisor to the Japanese delegation to the May 2005 NPT Review Conference; Research Advisor to Ambassador Endo, the Japanese Representative to IAEA’s expert group on Multilateral Nuclear Approaches (October 2004–March 2005); and Member of Non-Proliferation Study Group of Japan Atomic Industry Forum (November 2004). He has book chapters and various articles in journals of repute to his credit.

Ahmed Ali Salem Al-Atrash is a Faculty and Researcher at the Political Science Department, Al-Fateh University, Libya. He is also the Deputy Director, Centre for International and Strategic Studies, Academy for Graduate Studies, Libya. He obtained his Ph.D. in International Relations, University of Kent at Canterbury, UK (2000). Dr. Al-Atrash has published articles in English as well as in Arabic. His major publications are on Peacemaking in Africa as a Challenge, Resolving Conflicts: A Non-Western Perspective, Libya’s Peacemaking Efforts in Africa and Future of Peaceful Management of Regional Conflicts in the Context of Afro-Arab Space, Arab Summits: An Arena for Inter-Arab Conflicts or Conflict Management? (2003) and Diplomacy and Arab-China Relations: From Theory to Practice (2005).

Sahar A.M. Al-Majali is the Vice President of the Gandhi Center for Strategic Peace Studies and Lecturer at the Faculty of Arts, Al-Zaytoonah University Jordan, and Lecturer/General Administration in the Royal Jordanian Army. Dr. Al-Majali has also served as a Colonel (Cornelle) in the Jordanian Armed Forces from 1986 till 2004. Dr. Al-Majali’s publications include The Arab Legion: 1921-1951: Its Role in the Arab-Israeli Conflict, Volume I, II. (ed.), Amman, Jordan (Arabic Version), and The Development of the Arabian Army in Andalusia, (138-422AH/756-1031 AD), (Ist. ed.), Amman-Jordan (Arabic Version).

Faisal Odeh Al-Rfouh is working as Professor at the Department of Political Science, University of Jordan. He has also served as Minister of Culture (1999-2000), Minister of Social Development (1999) and was also Acting Minister of Labour as well as Health in the same year. He was awarded “Ambassador for Peace” by the Interreligious and International Federation for World Peace, “Man of the Year 1999” by the American Biographical Institute and its Board of International Research, and “The Arab Historian Medal” by the Union of Arab Historians. He has several publications to his credit in various journals like, Defense Journal, Middle East Peace Initiative and Journal of Political Science.

A.F. Alhajji is an Associate Professor of Economics in the College of Business Administration, Ohio Northern University. He previously worked at two universities that are strongly affiliated with the oil industry, the University of Oklahoma and Colorado School of Mines. Dr. Alhajji has more than 300 articles and columns to his credit. He focuses on issues relating to international economics, natural resource economics, environment, and oil industry. His research interest also includes trade policy and globalisation, education policy, and human capital. He is a contributing editor for World Oil. He is an Associate Editor for Oil, Gas, and Energy Law. In addition, he was the energy columnist for Alwatan daily newspaper in Saudi Arabia. Dr. Alhajji developed PetroTrade, a computer programme to assist oil producing countries in determining their trade policies in today’s volatile market.

Mohammad Hamid Ansari is the Chairman of the National Minority Commission, India. Mr. Ansari had joined the Indian Foreign Service in 1961. He was Ambassador to the United Arab Emirates, Afghanistan, Iran, Saudi Arabia, High Commission to Australia, and Permanent Representative to the United Nations in New York. He was awarded the Padma Shri in 1984. He has been the Vice-Chancellor of the Aligarh Muslim University and a Visiting Professor at the Centre for West Asian and African Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University and the Academy for Third World Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi. Mr. Ansari has edited Iran Today: Twenty-five Years After the Islamic Revolution (New Delhi, 2005), and has written a number of academic papers and newspaper articles on West Asian politics.

Smail Benamara is currently Algerian Ambassador to Canada. He has also been Director of the Institute of Diplomacy and International Relations, Algiers and Ambassador of Algeria to Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Gambia and Cap-Vert (1996-2003). Ambassador Benamara is a member of several international associations and has published various articles on law and international relations.

Cameron S. Brown is the Deputy Director of the Global Research in International Affairs (GLORIA) Center, a part of the Interdisciplinary Center in Herzliya, Israel. Mr. Brown focuses on Israel, US Middle East policy, the Arab World, Turkey, and Azerbaijan. His commentary has been published in papers such as the Chicago Sun-Times, Newsday and Canada’s National Post. 
Mr. Brown lectures occasionally at the NATO School in Germany and has spoken at research centres and universities in the United States, Sweden, Italy, Turkey, and Azerbaijan.

Gulshan Dietl is a Professor at Centre for West Asian and African Studies, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. She also serves as the Director, the Gulf Studies Programme at the University. She has been a Fulbright Scholar-in-Residence at the Mount Saint Mary College, Newburgh, New York (1993-94), a Guest Research Fellow at the Copenhagen Peace Research Institute (1998-99). She is Joint Secretary of the Indian Association of Central and West Asian Studies, Member and Member of the Editorial Advisory Board of Human Rights Global Focus. Her publications include The Dulles Era: America Enters West Asia (Lancer International, New Delhi, 1985), Through Two Wars and Beyond: A Study of the Gulf Cooperation Council (Lancer Books, New Delhi, 1991).

Mohamed Noman Galal is an advisor for Strategic International Studies and Dialogue of Civilizations, Bahrain Center for Studies and Research. He has been in the Egyptian Foreign Service for 38 years and occupied many posts including Deputy Permanent Representative to the UN, Permanent Representative to the League of Arab States, Ambassador to Pakistan, Ambassador to China and Assistant Foreign Minister for Policy Planning.

Dr. Galal has authored around 26 books on Arab, International and Asian issues as well as Human rights with a special study on human rights in Islam. Among his recent books are: Neo-realism in Arab Thought; Strategy, Diplomacy and Protocol and Diplomacy of International Dialogue. He writes regularly in Alahram and Algoumhoria newspapers in Egypt as well as occasionally in other Arab and Chinese papers and journals. He is a part-time professor of international relations and international organisations.

Siret Hürsoy is an Assistant Professor in the Department of International Relations at the Ege University, Turkey. Dr. Hürsoy served as a research and teaching assistant between 1998-2000 at Ege University–Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences. Later, he completed his Ph.D. at the end of 2002 by receiving his degree from Philipps-Universität Marburg–Gesellschaftswissenschaften und Philosophie, Fachbereich Politikwissenschaft (Germany). His main fields of specialisation and research interests are: international relations theories, European Union (integration theories), foreign and security policy analysis, and war and defence studies. He has many publications to his credit including a book titled NATO’s Transformation and the Position of Turkey, (Ege University Press, Izmir, 2004).

Akmal Hussain is a Professor of International Relations in the Dhaka University and he did his Ph.D. from the Institute of Law, Academy of Sciences, Prague. He has been a Visiting Research Fellow at the Institute of Developing Economies (IDE), Japan and a Visiting Professor at the University of Rajasthan. Prof. Hussain has about 25 publications in national and international journals and chapters in edited volumes as well. In addition to these articles, he has one research monograph and two books in vernacular on current issues. He is also a regular contributor to leading newspapers on current national and global issues. In addition, he has edited the Journal of International Relations (until 2004) and the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh (1996 and 1997). He is also a regular speaker at the National Defence College of Bangladesh.

N. Janardhan is the Editor of the Gulf in the Media at the Gulf Research Center in Dubai, UAE. He was formerly with The Asian Age daily in New Delhi and The Gulf Today in Sharjah, UAE, and was the Gulf correspondent for the Inter Press Service (Asia-Pacific), Bangkok. His doctoral thesis was “The Al-Sabahs and the Kuwaiti National Assembly–The Legitimacy factor” (Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 2001). Dr. Janardhan has had over 300 articles published in Indian and Middle East newspapers.

Dietrich Jung is a Senior Research Fellow at the Danish Institute for International Studies in Copenhagen and an External Associate Professor at the Institute for Sociology, University of Copenhagen. He holds an M.A. in Political Science and Islamic Studies, as well as a Ph.D. in Political Science from University of Hamburg, Germany. Dr. Jung has been teaching Political Science, Sociology and Middle Eastern Studies at Aarhus University (Denmark), Bilkent University (Ankara), and the Universities of Copenhagen, Hamburg and Southern Denmark. He is editor of the Palgrave Series on Governance, Security and Development and he has published on causes of war, theories of world society and on conflicts in the Middle East. His most recent books are Shadow Globalization, Ethnic Conflicts and New Wars: A Political Economy of Intra State Wars (Routledge, 2003), Contemporary Security Analysis and Copenhagen Peace Research (Routledge, 2004: co-edited with Stefano Guzzini), and The Middle East and Palestine, Global Politics and Regional Conflict (Palgrave, 2004).

Abdusamat Khaydarov is at present Faculty, Tashkent State Institute of Oriental Studies. He has had a distinguished diplomatic career ever since he completed his studies from Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the former USSR. He also has a degree from Diplomatic Academy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the former USSR. He has been Visiting Fulbright Scholar at the University of Georgia, USA (2004-05), Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan (1999-2000), Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the Islamic Republic of Iran and Permanent Representative of the Republic of Uzbekistan in Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) (1996-1999). He has a number of scientific works and publications on international relations, Afghanistan, Iran, Central and South Asia.

Gurpreet S. Khurana is a Research Fellow at the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi, India. Commander Khurana is a specialist in Missile Warfare and Gunnery and a qualified Ship’s Diving Officer. His research interests include maritime security issues, particularly in the Indo-Pacific region and Laws of the Sea. His published papers have encompassed issues like sea-line security, sea-piracy, maritime terrorism, other non-traditional maritime threats, imperatives for naval sealift and airlift capabilities, Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI), Container Security Initiative (CSI) and security in the Malacca Straits.

Joseph McMillan is a Senior Research Fellow at the National Defense University’s Institute for National Strategic Studies, focusing on issues related to terrorism, the greater Middle East, and South Asia. He has been associated with NDU since August 2001, first as a Visiting Research Fellow at INSS and later as academic chairman of the Near East-South Asia Center for Strategic Studies. He has published a number of articles and book chapters on foreign and security affairs.

Bakhtiyar Mirkasymov is the Head of the Asia-Pacific Department in Russia’s Institute for Strategic Studies (RISS) which does research and analytical work for different government organisations. He has held this position since 2002. Prior to his current appointment, Bakhtiyar Mirkasymov worked as Senior Research Fellow in RISS. He began his career in Tashkent in the Uzbek branch of the Union of Soviet Friendship Societies having graduated from the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (international economic relations faculty) in 1974. He has authored several articles on the current political problems pertaining to religious extremism and security in the Persian Gulf which were published in various Russian and foreign publications.

Pranab Mukherjee, currently the External Affairs Minister of India, is the President of the Executive Council of the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA). He was educated at Vidyasagar College, University of Calcutta, where he received his Bachelor of Law (LLB), Masters (History and Political Science) and D.Litt (Honoris Causa) degrees. He has held various important portfolios in the Union Cabinet. He was Minister of Defence, Deputy Minister for Industrial Development (1973-74); Deputy Minister for Shipping and Transport (January 1974-October 1974); Minister of State for Finance (1974-75); Commerce and Steel and Mines (1980-1982); Minister of Finance (1982-1984); Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission (1991-1996); and Minister for External Affairs (1995-96). He was also on the Board of Governors of the International Monetary Fund (1982-85), the World Bank (1982-1985), and the Asian Development Bank (1982-1985). Mr. Mukherjee is also the Leader of the House (Lok Sabha), from June 2004 till date.

Sari Nusseibeh is a Professor of Philosophy and President of the Arab Al-Quds University in Jerusalem. He has a Ph.D. in Philosophy from Harvard University (1978). Formerly Professor at Birzeit University (1978-1990) and until December 2002, the representative of the Palestinian Authority in Jerusalem. Along with Ami Ayalon, he is a co-founder of The People’s Voice, an Israeli-Palestinian civil initiative, which aims to advance the process of achieving peace between Israel and the Palestinians. He is also the Head and Founder of the Palestinian Consultancy Group (PCG), Jerusalem, and is a co-founder and member of several Palestinian institutions. He is the author of numerous articles and a book co-authored with Mark Heller, No Trumpets, No Drums: A Two-State Solution of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (Hill & Wand, New York, 1991).

Girijesh Pant is the Chairperson and Professor at the Centre of West Asian and African Studies at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India Dr. Pant is a renowned academician and specialist in issues related to economics and energy. He has authored and edited over 8 books, and has published more than 50 articles in various journals. His specialisation includes Political Economy of Development, West Asian Economies and Hydrocarbon Economics.

A.K. Pasha is a Professor at the Centre for West Asian and African Studies, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. He has served as Director, Gulf Studies Programme, and Director, Maulana Azad Centre for Indian Culture, Cairo. A prolific writer, Dr. Pasha has published 10 books, edited 8 and co-edited 2 books. He has also contributed chapters to over 17 edited books, and articles in various academic journals. His latest books include, Iraq: Sanctions and Wars (New Delhi, 2003), and Egypt in a Changing World (New Delhi, 2003).

Basant Repswal, a serving Colonel in the Indian army, was a Research Fellow, Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi, India. Colonel Basant Repswal was commissioned in the Indian Army on December 15, 1984 and during his service career served as logistic officer with United Nations (UNIFIL) in Lebanon (1998-99) and his areas of expertise include Terrorism, Military Logistics and Strategy, and Implications of International Terrorism on India.

Chen Shuangqing is at present Research Fellow in the West Asian and African Division, China Institute of Contemporary International Relations (CICIR). He was in charge of research on the Middle East Peace Process, the Foreign Policy of Israel and Palestinian Authority. He has published about 200 articles on Middle Eastern issues in some famous journals and newspapers in China, such as World Affairs, Contemporary International Relations, Beijing Review, People’s Daily, etc. He has also co-authored 15 books.

S.K. Singh, formerly Foreign Secretary of India, has a firm understanding of the West Asian politics. He has been India’s longest-serving Ambassador to Pakistan from 1985 until 1989. He also served as Ambassador to Austria, Afghanistan, Jordan, Lebanon and Cyprus. At the moment, he is the Governor of the Indian province of Arunanchal Pradesh.

Emmanuel Sivan is a Professor of Islamic History at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and has authored many books on contemporary Islam. His publications include, Radical Islam, The 1948 Generation, and Mythes Politiques Arabes. In the late 1980s, he was among the first scholars to begin to look at radical forms of Islamic movements that were generated from the Iranian revolution. He has also written more than 150 articles and chapters, and one of his areas of expertise is Islamic conceptions of the sanctity of Jerusalem. Sivan is a regular commentator on Islamic movements for Israeli television and writes prolifically for the Israeli press.

Premarani Somasundram is a Senior Fellow with the Contemporary Islam Programme at the Institute of Defence & Strategic Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. She has worked at Singapore’s Ministry of Defence and also served a term as Counsellor in the Singapore Embassy in Washington, DC. Her research interests include Islamism in the Middle East and Southeast Asia.

Ryoji Tateyama is working at Graduate School of Security Studies and Department of International Relations, National Defense Academy, Japan. He is also Visiting Professor, Aoyama-Gakuin University. He was previously Chief Researcher at the Japanese Institute of Middle Eastern Economies, Head of Administration and Special Project Officer United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) HQs, Vienna and Amman and Special Assistant at the Embassy of Japan, Tel Aviv, Israel. He has published many books which include, A Jewish State and Post-Zionism (Bungei-shinju-sha, Tokyo, 2000), Prospects for Peace in the Middle East (Chuo-Koron-sha, Tokyo, 1995), Jerusalem (Shincho-sha, 1993, Tokyo), Israel and Palestine: Searching for a Settlement of Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (Chuo-Koron-Sha, Tokyo, 1989) and has edited a book titled Middle East (Jiyu-Kokumin-sha, Tokyo, 1998). He has written numerous articles in various international journals on matters concerning the Middle East and West Asia.

Mostafa Zahrani is a member of Iranian foreign ministry since 1981 and has been teaching in the School of International Relations since 1993. He has also been the Director General of the Institute for Political and International Studies (IPIS) in Tehran. His major recent publications include, Theories of Economic Sanction and New International Trends; others such as State Sovereignty in the Age of Globalization, Second Order Change and Decision Making in War Termination: Iran-Iraq War are under publication.

Ramesh Thakur is the Senior Vice-Rector of the United Nations University, Tokyo, Japan, (Assistant Secretary-General of the United Nations).

Andrew F. Cooper is a Professor in the Depart-ment of Political Science at the University of Waterloo, and Associate Director of the Centre for International Governance Innovation, Waterloo, Canada.

John English is Executive Director of the Centre for International Governance Innovation, Waterloo, Canada.

Abbreviations

Foreword by Gareth Evans

Acknowledgements

 
1.International commissions and the mind of
   global governance
   Andrew F. Cooper and John English
 

2.The Brandt Commission: The end of an
   era in North–South politics
   Jean-Phillipe Thérien
 

3.The Palme Commission: New thinking
   about security
   Geoffrey Wiseman
 

4.The World Commission on Environment and
   Development: Ideas and institutions intersect
   Heather A. Smith
 

5.Equivocating on the future of world order:
   The Commission on Global Governance
   W. Andy Knight
 

6.Regulating the possession and use of nuclear weapons:
   Ideas, commissions, and agency in international security
   politics – the case of the Canberra Commission
   Marianne Hanson
 

7.Beyond temples and tombs: Towards effective governance
   for sustainable development through the World
   Commission on Dams
   Sanjeev Khagram
 

9.Intervention, sovereignty, and the responsibility
   to protect
   Ramesh Thakur
 

10.The responsibility to protect: Assessing the report
   of the International Commission on Intervention
   and State Sovereignty
   Jennifer Welsh, Carolin J. Thielking, and S. Neil MacFarlane
 

11.The responsibility to protect: Humanitarian intervention
   and the principle of non-intervention in the Americas
   Jorge Heine
 

12.Ideas, institutions, and the evolution of women’s human rights
   Elizabeth Riddell-Dixon
 

13.Ideas, think-tanks, commissions, and global politics
   Jon Pedersen
 

14.UN Reform Commissions: Is anyone listening?
     Edward C. Luck
 

Appendix: International Commission on Weapons of Mass
                Destruction Ambassador Jayantha Dhanapala
 

Contributors

Index

S.D. MUNI, is a Senior Visiting Fellow with IDSA, currently based in Singapore at the Institute of South Asian Studies. A former professor and Chairperson of the Centre for South, Central and Southeast Asian Studies, he held the prestigious Appadorai Chair at the School of International Studies, at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. He also served as India's Ambassador to Laos (1997-99) and was sent as Special Envoy to Southeast Asian countries in pursuance of India's claims for a permanent UNSC seat. He was bestowed with Sri Lanka's highest honour for a non-national, “Sri Lanka Ratna” in 2005.

The author/editor of more than twenty books and over a hundred research papers on South/Southeast Asian political and security affairs, Prof. Muni's recent publications include: Internal Conflicts in South Asia, Maoists Insurgency in Nepal, India's Energy Security, China's Strategic Engagement with the New ASEAN, Responding to Terrorism in South Asia.

Alok Bansal 
Research Fellow, South Asia, IDSA

Ashok Behuria 
Research Fellow, South Asia, IDSA

Abanti Bhattacharya 
Associate Fellow, East Asia, IDSA

Vishal Chandra 
Associate Fellow, South Asia, IDSA

Shanthie Mariet D’Souza 
Associate Fellow, US, Europe and Nuclear, IDSA

Shebonti Ray Dadwal 
Research Fellow, Energy Security, IDSA

Sreeradha Dutta 
Research Fellow, South Asia, IDSA

Namrata Goswami 
Associate Fellow, Internal Security, IDSA

Ranjit Gupta 
Senior Visiting Fellow, IDSA

Monalisa Joshi 
Researcher, Modeling and Net
Assessment, IDSA

Gurpreet Khurana 
Research Fellow, Military Affairs,
IDSA

Nivedita Das Kundu 
Associate Fellow, Russia, and Central
Asia, IDSA

Ajey Lele 
Research Fellow, Modeling and Net
Assessment, IDSA

Arpita Mathur 
Associate Fellow, East Asia, IDSA

M. Mayilvaganan 
Associate Fellow, South Asia,
IDSA

S.D. Muni 
Senior Visiting Fellow, IDSA

G.V.C. Naidu 
Professor, Centre for East Asian
 Studies, JNU, New Delhi

Raviprasad Narayanan 
Associate Fellow, East Asia, IDSA

Nihar Nayak 
Associate Fellow, South Asia, IDSA

Rajiv Nayan 
Research Officer, US, Europe and
Nuclear, IDSA

Smruti Pattanaik 
Research Fellow, South Asia, IDSA

S. Samuel C. Rajiv 
Researcher, US, Europe and Nuclear,
IDSA

P.V. Ramana 
Research Fellow, Internal Security,
IDSA

Meena Singh Roy 
Research Fellow, Russia and Central Asia,
IDSA

Cherian Samuel 
Associate Fellow, US, Europe and Nuclear,
IDSA

Udai Bhanu Singh 
Research Officer, East Asia, IDSA

Uttam Kumar Sinha 
Research Fellow, Non-Traditional Security,
IDSA

N.S. Sisodia 
Director General, IDSA

P. Stobdan 
Senior Fellow, West Asia, Central Asia and
Africa, IDSA