Parthapratim Pal is Associate Professor at the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Calcutta. He has a PhD in Economics from Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi. He has worked in the areas of financial markets and international economics. Before joining IIM, he worked with ICRIER and the Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (IIFT). His recent areas of interest include: international trade, regional trade agreements, WTO related issues and international capital flows. He has a number of publications in nationally and internationally reputed journals and books.

Arpita Mukherjee is a Professor at Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), New Delhi. She has several years of experience in policy-oriented research working closely with the government in India and the UK. She has conducted studies for various international organisations such as UNCTAD, WTO, ASEAN Secretariat, ADB, ADBI, OECD Konrad-Adenauer Stiftung (KAS), Italian Trade Commission, Taipei Economic and Cultural Centre in India (TECC) and European Commission. Her research is a key contributor to India’s negotiating strategies in the on-going Doha Round of WTO negotiations and in bilateral agreements with countries such as Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia, Turkey and regional blocks such as the EU and ASEAN. Her research has contributed to India’s domestic policy reforms in the services sector. She has a PhD in Economics from the University of Portsmouth, UK. Her research interest includes; services, WTO, bilateral/regional agreements, infrastructure, FDI, agriculture reforms, retail, migration and labour market programmes. She has several publications and has presented her research in various international and national conferences.

Kristy Tsun-Tzu Hsu is an Associate Research Fellow at the Taiwan WTO & RTA Center and Program Director of the Taiwan ASEAN Studies Center (TASC), Chung Hua Institution for Economic Research (CIER) in Taiwan. Her areas of research interests include: international trade policy and economic/trade law, economic integration, Southeast Asia study and dispute settlement. She obtained her LLM from the School of Law, Soochow University, Taiwan and BA in Foreign Literature and Languages from National Taiwan University, Taiwan. She involves the government’s WTO and FTA negotiations by participating in government-commissioned research projects and providing consultation and has led research projects of the joint/separate Economic Cooperation Agreement (ECA) feasibility study with a number of countries. She is currently Advisory Member to the Trade and Development Committee, ROC National Confederation of Industries, International Affairs Committee, ROC Chamber of Commerce, and adviser to the Chinese National Association of Industry and Commerce’s, or CNAIC’s monthly publication CNAIC Magazine, and Secretary General of the Chung-Hua Association for Financial and Economic Strategies (CAFES).

Ramneet Goswami is a Research Associate at ICRIER, New Delhi. She has done Masters in Economics from CCS University (Uttar Pradesh). Her primary research areas of interest are: trade in services, regional free trade agreements, foreign direct investment, infrastructure, transport, education, audiovisual and telecommunications. She is currently working on a study on ‘Facilitating Investment between India and Germany”. She has recently completed “Joint Feasibility Study on Enhancing Trade, Investment and Cooperation between India and Taiwan” sponsored by Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India. Her other important projects include “Enhancing Trade in Services in the Context of India-Thailand and India-Indonesia Comprehensive Economic Co-operation Agreement (CECA)”; “Trade in Audiovisual Services for India-European Union (EU) Broadbased Trade and Investment Agreement (BTIA)”—sponsored by Department of Commerce, Government of India; “Enhancing Bilateral Trade, Investment and Collaboration in Services between India and EU” sponsored by KAS; and retail project sponsored by Italian Trade Commission. She has several publications including book, journal articles, working papers and media articles in her name.

Tanu Goyal is a Research Associate at ICRIER. She has a Masters degree in Economics with specialisation in world economy, from Centre of Trade and Development (CITD), JNU, New Delhi. Her research interests include: trade in services, foreign direct investment issues and retail. She has over five years of research experience and has worked on projects for the Government of India, Asian Development Bank (ADB), European Commission (EC), KAS, Italian Trade Commission, among others. Her other completed projects include studies on the Indian retail sector, direct selling sector and on regional integration in South and East Asia. She has analysed trade agreements and has authored reports providing negotiating strategy for the bilateral agreements being negotiated by the Indian government. She has published several international and national journal articles, book chapters, reports and other popular media articles on policy and trade issues.

Yu-Chia Hsu is an Assistant Research Fellow at the Taiwan WTO & RTA Center, CIER, Taiwan. She is currently doing tariff analysis, international trade in goods, and potential of cooperation between India and Taiwan. She holds BA in Political Sciences from National Taiwan University (NTU) and MSc in Public Policy from University College London (UCL). She was a research assistant for Dr Dennis Weng-Jeng Peng at the Graduate Institute of Journalism, NTU from 2008 to 2009, and she assisted in the preparation and execution of two research projects, “The Spiral of Silence in the Hakka Language” and “How Cross-Strait Business Ties Affect Taiwanese National Identity and Nationalism.” After completing her Master’s Degree in the UK, she has been an Assistant Research Fellow at CIER since 2011. Her areas of research interest include: WTO issues, international trade, industrial economics, health policy, education policy, and political economy. She has several articles published in Taiwan WTO & RTA Center.

Rajat Kathuria is Director and Chief Executive at ICRIER, New Delhi. He has over 20 years experience in teaching and 10 years experience in economic policy, besides research interests on a range of issues relating to regulation and competition policy. He worked with Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) during its first eight years (1998-2006) and gained hands on experience with telecom regulation in an environment changing rapidly towards competition. The role entailed analysis of economic issues relating to telecom tariff policy, tariff rebalancing, interconnection charges and licensing policy. Market research and questionnaire development and analysis formed an integral part of this exercise. It also involved evaluation of macro level initiatives for transforming the telecom industry. He wrote a number of consultation papers which eventually formed the basis of tariff and interconnection orders applicable to the industry. He has taught undergraduate economics at the University of Maryland and is currently on leave from the International Management Institute (IMI), New Delhi, where he teaches Managerial Economics and International Trade. He has worked with the World Bank, Washington DC as a Consultant and carried out project assignments for a number of organisations, including ILO, UNCTAD, LirneAsia, Ernst and Young, Consultancy Development Centre (CDC) and Standing Committee for Public Enterprises (SCOPE). He has published in international and national journals, besides in popular magazines and newspapers. He is founder member of Broadband Society for Universal Access and served on the board of Delhi Management Association. He has an undergraduate degree in Economics from St. Stephens College, a Masters from Delhi School of Economics and a PhD degree from the University of Maryland, College Park.

Mansi Kedia is Research Associate at ICRIER. Her area of research covers trade, investment and telecommunication policy. She has published papers/reports on the impact of information technology and telecommunication policies in India. Her ongoing research includes, outlining the future of high value manufacturing in India, estimating the impact of mobile applications on employment and growth, evaluating India’s Preferential Market Access Policy, among others. In addition, she has a background in management consulting and financial services. She has close to four years of experience in the private sector. She received her BSc in Economics from St. Xavier’s, Kolkata, and MBA from Indian School of Business, Hyderabad. She is currently pursuing her PhD at the IIFT, New Delhi.

Hsin-Chen Lee is an Analyst at the Taiwan WTO & RTA Center, CIER, Taiwan. Her areas of research interest include: general equilibrium analysis, industrial economics, international trade in goods and regional integration. She obtained her MS in Economics from National Taipei University, Taiwan, and BA in History from National Taiwan University, Taiwan. She was an Assistant Research Fellow at Research Division IV, Taiwan Institution of Economic Research (TIER) from 2003 to 2004. She has a publication on Taiwan Economic Forecast and Policy (TSSCI), and has several articles published in CIER’s Publications. Her master essay is “The Impact of the FTA between Taiwan and U.S.A. on the Taiwan’s Mobile Industry: The Application of Scale Economics and Imperfect Competition in the GTAP Model.”

Smita Miglani is a Research Associate at ICRIER. Her broad areas of research interest are: international trade and investment, energy and infrastructure. She has conducted studies for the Ministry of Commerce, and organisations such as Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM), KAS and the American Chamber of Commerce (AmCham). Her research has contributed to India’s negotiating strategies in signing bilateral trade and investment agreements and other policy reform issues at the domestic level. She has published her work in working papers and refereed journals. She holds an MPhil degree in Economics from JNU, New Delhi.

Durgesh Kumar Rai has been working with ICRIER as Research Associate since July 2008. He has worked on several key projects at the institute including India-EU Broad Based Trade and Investment Agreement, India-Turkey FTA, India-Korea Economic Relations, ICRIER-SPF Japan Studies Project and Regional Production Networks. Prior to joining ICRIER, he was associated with National Labour Institute, NOIDA, and worked on an ILO project on “Global Production Systems and its Impact on Labour”. He was also part of an OECD study on “Human Resource in Science and Technology (HRST) in India and International Mobility of High Skill Indians” at the Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU). He has done his MPhil from JNU, New Delhi, and pursuing his PhD from the same university. His broad areas of research interest include: international trade, trade in services, regional/bilateral trade agreements, IT-ITeS sector, trade and development, migration and human resources. He has published articles in journals and books, and presented his works at various national and international conferences.

Divya Satija is a Trade Analyst at the Delegation of the European Union to India. Previously, she was a Research Associate at ICRIER. She conceptualised and coordinated the India-Taiwan project during her stay in ICRIER. She has also worked on other bilateral trade issues such as the India-EU Broad-based Trade and Investment Agreement, and on sectors such as retail and consumer behaviour, non-alcoholic beverage sector and IT/IT-enables services sector in India. Her broad areas of interest are: consumer behaviour analysis, sectoral research, international trade and investments and microfinance. She has several publications as book chapters, journal articles and working papers. She holds a BA Economics (Hons) from Delhi University and a Masters in Economics from Jamia Millia Islamia, Delhi.

Tai-Yee Wu is a doctoral student and an instructor in the Department of Communication at the University of Connecticut, USA. His research interest is related to the applications of new technologies in communication processes. In exploring the effects of technology use, he focuses on Netizens’ opinion expressions on political and societal issues in social network sites as well as their impacts on the reality. Also, in terms of online interactions, he particularly concentrates on the users’ emotional satisfaction and communication apprehension. Before resuming his academic pursuits, Tai-Yee was an assistant research fellow in the Taiwan ASEAN Studies Center at the Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research (CIER) from 2009 to 2011. The research projects he participated in were associated with the economic relations and the strategies for advancing economic cooperation between Taiwan and Southeast, South Asia countries. He is also an author of several articles concerning different sectoral developments of Taiwanese corporations in India, which appeared in the magazine Navigating India published by Taiwan-India Cooperation Council.

Yu-Yin Wu is an Assistant Research Fellow at the Taiwan WTO & RTA Center, CIER, Taiwan, an Adjunct Assistant Professor at Chang Gung University and an Adjunct Instructor at National Taiwan University. She is currently analysing international trade in goods, and the potential of industrial cooperation between Taiwan and India. She was a lecturer, a TA for microeconomics of the PhD programme, and an RA for Professor Bih-Jane Liu’s project on China study. She has a Ph.D. in Economics from National Taiwan University. Her research interest includes: international trade, microeconomics, China study, industrial economics and FDI. She has publication on Management Review (TSSCI) and Taipei Economic Inquiry (TSSCI), and has several articles and papers published in conference papers, magazines and CIER’s publications. Some of her representative publication includes: “The Wage Payment Structure in Taiwan: An Empirical Test of Tournament”, “Development Zones in China: Are STIPs Substitutes for or Complements of ETDZs?”, “Are Exporters Always More Productive than Non-exporters? A Contradictory Case in China” and “Determinants of MNEs’ Entry Decisions.”

Chun-Ting Yeh is an Assistant Research Fellow at the Taiwan WTO & RTA Center, and Taiwan ASEAN Studies Center, CIER, Taiwan. He is currently working on analysing the political and economic relations between Taiwan and ASEAN countries, regional economic integration of Asia-Pacific. He was a Confidential Secretary of the Minister of Government Information Office (GIO), Taiwan, and a Research Assistant for Dr Johnny Chi-Chen Chiang’s programme on the regional integration of Asia-Pacific. He is a BA and a MA in Political Science from Soochow University, Taiwan. His areas of research interests include: international relations, international political economy and international organisations. He has participated in several research projects about the issues related to WTO, ASEAN, and Asia-Pacific region. He also published some articles in Taiwan WTO & RTA Center and Taiwan ASEAN Studies Center publications.

Rajat Kathuria is Director and Chief Executive at Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), New Delhi. He has over 20 years experience in teaching and 10 years experience in economic policy, besides research interests on a range of issues relating to regulation and competition policy. He worked with Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) during its first eight years (1998-2006) and gained hands on experience with telecom regulation in an environment changing rapidly towards competition. The role entailed analysis of economic issues relating to telecom tariff policy, tariff rebalancing, interconnection charges and licensing policy. He wrote a number of consultation papers which eventually formed the basis of tariff and interconnection orders applicable to the industry. He has taught undergraduate economics at the University of Maryland and is currently on leave from the International Management Institute (IMI), New Delhi, where he teaches Managerial Economics and International Trade. He has worked with the World Bank, Washington DC as a Consultant and carried out project assignments for a number of organisations, including ILO, UNCTAD, LirneAsia, Ernst and Young, Consultancy Development Centre (CDC) and Standing Committee for Public Enterprises (SCOPE). He has published in international and national journals, besides in popular magazines and newspapers. He is founder member of Broadband Society for Universal Access and served on the board of Delhi Management Association. He has an undergraduate degree in Economics from St. Stephens College, a Masters from Delhi School of Economics and a PhD degree from the University of Maryland, College Park.

Mansi Kedia Jaju is Research Associate at ICRIER, New Delhi. Her area of research covers trade, investment and telecommunication policy. She has published papers/reports on the impact of information technology and telecommunication policies in India. Her ongoing research includes, outlining the future of high value manufacturing in India, estimating the impact of mobile applications on employment and growth, evaluating India’s preferential market access policy, among others. In addition, she has a background in management consulting and financial services. She has close to four years of experience in the private sector. She received her BSc in Economics from St. Xavier’s, Kolkata, and MBA from Indian School of Business, Hyderabad. She is currently pursuing her PhD at the Indian Institute of Foreign Trade, New Delhi.

Nisha Taneja, Professor, ICRIER, leads the project on “Strengthening Research and Promoting Multi-level Dialogue for Trade Normalization between India and Pakistan”. She has been engaged in several research projects sponsored by the Ministry of Commerce, Ministry of Textiles and Ministry of Finance, Government of India, as well as the Asian Development Bank (ADB), UNIDO, London School of Economics and the South Asia Network of Economic Research Institutes (SANEI). Her most recent work is on informal trade in South Asia, trade facilitation, non-tariff barriers and various aspects of India-Pakistan trade. She has served on committees set up by the Government of India on Informal Trade, Rules of Origin and Non-tariff Barriers. Dr Taneja holds a PhD in Economics from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. 

Sanjib Pohit, Professor AcSIR, is presently working as a Senior Principal Scientist at CSIR-National Institute of Science, Technology & Development Studies (NISTADS). Prior to this, he has held research position at National Council for Applied Economic Research, New Delhi (Senior Fellow/Chief Economist), Indian Statistical Institute (Research Fellow), and was a visiting scholar to University of Michigan (Ann Arbor, USA) and Conference Board of Canada. He has been member of several committees of Government of India and has provided Advisory Services to various national and international bodies, including The World Bank, ADB, The Energy & Resource Institute, OECD, CUTS, Price Waterhouse Coopers, Ernst & Young, ICRIER and RIS.  Dr Pohit holds a PhD is Economics from the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI), New Delhi. 

Mishita Mehra was a Research Assistant at ICRIER, associated with the ADB project on “Strengthening the Textiles Sector in South Asia” and the project on “Strengthening Research and Promoting Multi-level Dialogue for Trade Normalization between India and Pakistan”. Prior to this, she was a correspondent at The Economic Times, New Delhi. Mishita has a master’s degree in Economics from the Delhi School of Economics, New Delhi, and is currently pursuing her PhD at University of Washington, United States. 

Prithvijit Mukherjee was a Research Assistant at ICRIER, associated with the ADB project on “Strengthening the Textiles Sector in South Asia” and the project on “Strengthening Research and Promoting Multi-level Dialogue for Trade Normalization between India and Pakistan”. Prior to this, he worked as a Research Assistant with CUTS International, Jaipur. Prithvijit has a master’s degree in Economics from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, and is currently pursuing his PhD at University of Georgia, United States. 

Isha Dayal is a Research Assistant at ICRIER, associated with the project on “Strengthening Research and Promoting Multi-level Dialogue for Trade Normalization between India and Pakistan”’ and the “Japan Project” funded by Sasakawa Peace Foundation (SPF), Japan. Prior to this, she has been an individual consultant to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), India, and has worked at Infrastructure Development Finance Company (IDFC Ltd.), New Delhi.  Isha has a bachelor’s degree in Economics from Miranda House, University of Delhi, and an MSc degree in Economic Development and Policy Analysis from the University of Nottingham, United Kingdom.  

Samridhi Bimal is a Research Assistant at ICRIER, associated with the project on “Strengthening Research and Promoting Multi-level Dialogue for Trade Normalization between India and Pakistan”. Prior to this, she has worked on “Analyzing Effect of Bilateral Investment Treaties on FDI” at the Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance. Samridhi has a bachelor’s degree in Economics from Miranda House, University of Delhi, and a master’s degree in Economics (with specialization in World Economy) from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. 

Dr Manzoor Ahmad is an expert in international trade and customs with many years of experience at national and international level. Previously he served as Pakistan’s Ambassador to the WTO before which he was head of Pakistan Customs among others. While at the WTO, he played a key role in negotiations on trade facilitation.

Ambassador Roberto Azevêdo is the Permanent Representative of Brazil to the WTO. He has previously served in the Brazilian Foreign Ministry as Undersecretary for Economic Affairs and Director of the Department for Economic Affairs.

Professor Arsene M. Balihuta is currently a Senior Presidential Adviser on Public Private Partnership in Uganda. Previously he was the Executive Chairman, Uganda Development Corporation; before which he served as Uganda’s Ambassador and Permanent Representative to the WTO, UN and Switzerland during which time he chaired the WTO Africa Group. He has also served as an Associate Professor at the Faculty of Economics and Management, Makerere University Uganda.

Braz Baracuhy is the WTO agriculture negotiator and G-20 coordinator in the Permanent Mission of Brazil to the WTO.

Ujal Singh Bhatia was India’s Ambassador and Permanent Representative to the WTO between 2004 and 2010. He joined the Indian Administrative Service in 1974 and served in a number of senior positions in the Central and State governments. He was involved in a number of regional and multilateral negotiations on trade issues. He has retired from the government now and writes and speaks frequently on trade and economic issues.

Ambassador Dian Triansyah Djani is Indonesia’s Ambassador / Permanent Representative to the United Nations, WTO and other International Organisations in Geneva, Switzerland. He is a career diplomat having served at the Indonesian Missions in New York and Geneva, as Director for Multilateral Trade and Industry in charge of WTO issues in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and as Director General of ASEAN Cooperation. He serves as Vice President of the UN Human Rights Council, and held several other posts at UN Bodies, including President of the UNCTAD Trade and Development Board (2009).

Ambassador Erwidodo is the Ambassador/Deputy Permanent Representative in charge of WTO at the Indonesian Mission in Geneva before which he was Director General of the Agency for Trade Research and Development, Ministry of Trade, Indonesia. At the WTO, he coordinates the G-33 at Ambassadors’ level. He was Chair of WTO Committee on Trade and Development (2010) and chairs the Council for Trade in Services (2011). He received his Ph.D in agricultural economics from Michigan State University, USA.

Guillermo Valles Galmés is a former Ambassador of Uruguay to the WTO where he chaired for five years the Negotiating Group on Rules. Prior to this, he was for four years Deputy Foreign Minister of Uruguay and has served in several bilateral and multilateral diplomatic missions in Latin American, European, Asian and UN posts.

Ambassador Faizel Ismail is currently the Ambassador and Permanent Representative of South Africa to the WTO. He chaired the WTO Committee on Trade and Development Special Session for two years 2004-2006. He has published two books: Mainstreaming Development in the WTO and Reforming the World Trade Organisation (CUTS International, 2007 and 2009).

Deny Wachyudi Kurnia is a career diplomat who served at the Indonesian posts in Canberra, Australia and Brussels, Belgium. He joined the Indonesian Mission in Geneva in 2007 and coordinates the G-33 work at the Experts level. He chairs the WTO Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (2011). He holds a Master’s degree in International Relations from Monash University, Australia.

Ambassador Matern Y.C. Lumbanga, is currently Tanzania’s Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the WTO as well as to the United Nations and other International Organisations in Geneva. He has served as Coordinator of the LDC Group to the WTO prior to which he served the Tanzanian Government in many senior positions, including as a Permanent Secretary in various Ministries and later became the Chief Secretary to “the Head of Public Service and Secretary to the Cabinet” of the United Republic of Tanzania.

Nelson Ndirangu is currently the Programme Director, Programme Management Unit (PMU) of the ACP MTS Programme. Previously he was Kenya’s lead negotiator in the WTO and coordinated the African Group in the DDA where he particularly spearheaded negotiations on NAMA, Development and TRIPs and Public Health.

Guilherme Patriota is a career diplomat with the Brazilian Foreign Service since 1983. He currently works as Special Adviser to the President on international affairs. He has taken part in several multilateral negotiations on science and technology, trade, intellectual property and on economic and social affairs. He served his country in diplomatic missions in New York, Geneva, Montevideo, Washington and Wellington.

Vinod Rege is a former Director of GATT (now WTO). In a career spanning nearly fifty years, at national and international level, he has specialised in the study of trade and development issues of developing countries and in international trade law; areas in which he has written extensively. Currently he provides expert assistance on WTO Doha Round negotiations to the Geneva group of Commonwealth developing countries.

Sir Ronald Sanders is a former Ambassador to the WTO for Antigua and Barbuda. More recently, he has been a member of the Commonwealth Eminent Persons Group tasked with recommending strengthening the 54-nation Commonwealth. He has negotiated trade and investment agreements with the UK, China, the US and the EU. A member of the Executive Board of UNESCO, he has also served on the Board of Directors of private sector companies in the US and several Caribbean countries.

Ambassador Shree Baboo Chekitan Servansing is the Ambassador and Permanent Representative of the Republic of Mauritius to the UN and other International Organisations in Geneva, including the WTO. He has served as Chair of the WTO Committee on Trade and Environment (CTE) and Chair of the Committee on Trade and Development (CTD). In this capacity, he also chaired the Dedicated Session of the CTD on Aid for Trade and the Work Programme on Small Economies. He is also the Coordinator of the ACP Group in Geneva and in this capacity represents ACP interests in the DDA negotiations including in most of the restricted meetings.

Guillermo Malpica Soto is Director General of Services and Investment Negotiations at the Mexican Ministry of the Economy since 2008. Earlier, he was Economic Counsellor at the Permanent Mission of Mexico to the WTO in Geneva, and has been working for more than ten years in services negotiations issues.

Manuel Antonio J. Teehankee is the former Ambassador and Permanent Representative of the Republic of the Philippines to the WTO and Chair of the WTO Committee on Trade and Environment sitting in Special Session. Previously he also chaired the regular Committee on Trade and Environment and the Working Group on Trade and Transfer of Technology. He is a lawyer by training and was formerly Undersecretary of the Department of Justice and Government Corporate Counsel from 2001 to early 2004. As head of the Philippine Mission, he was active in various disputes involving the Philippines before the WTO.

Dr. Ramesh Chand (b. 1956) is currently Acting Director and Principal Economist at National Centre for Agricultural Economics and Policy Research New Delhi. Till recently he was Professor and Head - Agricultural Economics Unit at Institute of Economic Growth, Delhi. He has worked earlier as Professor of Marketing at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. He was Visiting Professor at Universiry of Wollongong, NSW Australia (2000) and Visiting Fellow at Institute of Developing Economies, Chiba Shi, Japan (2003). His Ph.D. thesis, submitted to Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, was selected for Jawaharlal Nehru Award of Indian Council of Agricultural Research in recognition of its outstanding Research contributions. 

Dr. Chand has worked as consultant for FAO, ESCAP, OECD, World Bank, Indian Institute of Foreign Trade, Delhi and Government of Punjab. At present he is engaged in research on Trade Liberalisation, WTO and Asian Agriculture, Food Policy and Development Economics. Dr. Chand is author of five books and 60 research papers published in reputed national and international Journals.

Preface

Abbreviations

1.Background

2.Method and Material

3.Changing Pattern of Asia's Trade

4.Countrywise Trade Trends

5.Implications of Emerging Trade Trends
   in Asia

6.Main Findings and Suggestions for a Regional
   Strategic Framework for Trade in Asia

7.Regional Trading Agreements and India

Bibliography

Index

B.S. Chimni is Professor of International Law, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. Till recently he was Vice-Chancellor, West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences, Kolkata, India. He has been a Visiting Professor at the International Center for Comparative Law and Politics, Tokyo University; Fulbright Visiting Scholar at Harvard Law School; Visiting Fellow at Max Planck Institute for Comparative and Public International Law, Heidelberg; Visiting Fellow at Centre for Research in Arts, Social Sciences and Humanity, Cambridge University; and Visiting Scholar at Refugee Studies Center, York University, Canada. He was a member of the Academic Advisory Committee of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees from 1996-2000. In March 2006 he delivered the eighth Grotius Lecture at the Centennial Meeting of the American Society of International Law held in Washington, USA. His publications include International Commodity Agreements: A Legal Study (1987), International Law and World Order: A Critique of Contemporary Approaches (1993), (editor) International Refugee Law: A Reader (2000), and (co-editor with Antony Anghie, Karin Mickelson and Obiora Okafor) The Third World and International Order: Law Politics and Globalization (2004). His most recent publication on WTO issues is “WTO, Democracy and Development: A View from the South”, Journal of World Trade, Vol. 40(1) (2006). His areas of research interest include third world approaches to international law (TWAIL), international economic law and international refugee law. He is one of the General Editors of the Asian Yearbook of International Law.

Saman Kelegama is the Executive Director of the Institute of Policy Studies (IPS), Colombo, Sri Lanka. He is a Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences of Sri Lanka and was the President of the Sri Lanka Economic Association (SLEA) during 1999-2003. He has published extensively on Sri Lankan economic issues in both local and international journals. His latest books are: Development under Stress: Sri Lankan Economy in Transition (2006), Contemporary Economic Issues: Sri Lanka in the Global Context (2006), South Asia after the Quota System: The Impact of the MFA Phase-Out (2005), Economic Policy in Sri Lanka: Issues and Debates (2004), and Ready-Made Garment Industry in Sri Lanka: Facing the Global Challenge (2004). He is the co-editor of the South Asia Economic Journal (Sage Publication) and a Governing Board Director in the South Asia Centre for Policy Studies. He received his Doctorate (D. Phil.) from the University of Oxford, UK and Masters from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India.

Mustafizur Rahman is an economist by training. He is Research Director at the Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD), a leading civil society think tank in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and is a Professor of Economics at the Faculty of Business Studies, University of Dhaka. He was educated at the Moscow State University, from where he did his PhD in Development Economics. He subsequently carried out research at the Oxford University, UK, where he was a Visiting Post-doctoral Fellow (1994), and at the Yale University, USA, where he was affiliated as a Senior Fulbright Fellow (2003). Recently, he was a Visiting Fellow at University of Warwick, UK. Professor Rahman has published extensively in reputed journals both in Bangladesh and abroad, and has authored a number of books. He has collaborated with a number of international organisations including UN-ESCAP, UNDP, World Bank, ADB and Commonwealth Secretariat. Professor Rahman’s current research interests include Bangladesh’s external sector performance and its determinants, regional cooperation and economic integration in South Asia, and implications of ongoing negotiations in the WTO for the economies of the least developed countries.

Linu Mathew Philip, is currently Research Officer at Centad, an agricultural economist by profession he had been a Faculty at University of Delhi. He has served as member of various committees of Government of India, currently member of Export Committee on normally traded commodities under the Biodiversity Authority of India. He is also associated with the Technical working group on Buffer Stocking for Government of India for the last Five Year Plan. He has extensively worked on many domestic agricultural and international trade issues.

Kalbe Abbas is Research Economist at the Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE). He has a vast experience of empirical research in the diversified areas relating to macroeconomy. He has more than 25 research articles published in books and/or in the journals of international repute in his credit. His research includes monetary and fiscal issues, agricultural and rural development, trade and development in relation to south Asia, inflation, and finance.

Aradhana Agarwal is currently the Head, Department of Business Economics, University of Delhi South Campus. Dr. Aggarwal’s research interests include international trade, foreign direct investment (FDI), technology transfer, research and development (R&D), WTO-related issues and economic reforms. Her articles have appeared in World Development, Journal of Development Studies, Research Policy, Transnational Corporation and Technology in Society.

Muhammed Iqbal Ahmed is a Research Associate at Unnayan Onneshan, Bangladesh. His research interest includes macroeconomics, international trade and finance, and game theory as well as financial market and development economics. At present, he is involved in the research programme on “multilateral donors’ aid effectiveness on Bangladesh”. He is also involved in the programme on “trade negotiation and the livelihood of the people” and fiscal and monetary policy issues in Bangladesh. He has written several policy and briefing papers in trade and development economics, microeconomics, role of information technologies in poverty reduction, corporate social responsibility etc.

Masud Ali is currently the Executive Director of INCIDIN, Bangladesh. He is one of the important researchers on Agricultural and Social development in Bangladesh.

Kasturi Das is Research Officer with Centad, also serves as Visiting Faculty, Indian Society of International Law (ISIL), New Delhi. She has published extensively in academic journals, edited volumes, and various print and web media. Her current research interests include, among others, WTO-issues (e.g. Geographical Indications, Patents, GATS, NAMA, SPS, etc.); RTAs; Climate change; Biofuels; Organic Agriculture.

Raghav Narsalay is a Chief Economist at Economic Laws Practice, Advocates & Solicitors. He has carried out research on services, especially pertaining to emergency safeguard measures, compensation issues and domestic regulation in the context of the WTO negotiations. He has carried out research for, the Ministry of Commerce and Industry and Ministry of Textiles, Institute of Development Studies, Sussex and for various UN bodies on subjects such as subsidies on cotton and cotton textiles in EU and US; competition policy, linkages between FDI and domestic subsidies etc., and currently working on Service regulation.

Namrata Pathak is Consultant with Centre for Trade and Development, New Delhi. She is pursuing her doctoral programme from JNU and is currently working on indigenous and traditional knowledge and implication from trade.

Suhasini Sen is a Research Intern with Centre for Trade and Development. She is a law student at NALSAR University of Law, Hyderabad.

Jayanthi Thennakoon is a Researcher from the Institute of Policy Studies, Sri Lanka. Her research interests include international economics and trade. She has received her Masters from the National University of Singapore.

Rashed Al Mahmud Titumir was the Chairman of Unnayan Onneshan, Dhaka, Bangladesh. He is currently working with Action Aid Bangladesh. He has published extensively in many national and international journals and monographs on trade and development themes.

Sumiti Yadava is an Advocate with Corporate and Trade Laws Team of ELP Mumbai. She has graduated from National Academy of Legal Studies and Research (NALSAR) University of Law, Hyderabad in 2007.

Dushni Weerakone is currently the Deputy Director of the Institute of Policy Studies, Sri Lanka and Head of macroeconomic policy research at the Institute. Her research and publications have covered areas related to regional trade integration, macroeconomic policy and international economics. She has extensive experience working in policy development committees and official delegations of the Government of Sri Lanka. She currently serves on the Trade and Tariff Committee of the National Council for Economic Development (NCED) of the Ministry of Finance, Sri Lanka, the Board of Directors of the Nations Trust Bank (NTB) as well as the Centre for Poverty Analysis (CEPA) in Sri Lanka.

Andrew Charlton is a Research Officer at the Centre for Economic Performance at the London School of Economics.

Jane Kennan is a data policy analyst at the Institute of Development Studies at the University of Sussex

Ivan Mbirimi is an economic advisor in the Economic Affairs Division of the Commonwealth Secretariat.

David Primack works in the Economic Affairs Division of the Commonwealth Secretariat.

Christopher Stevens is coordinator of the International Economic Development Group at the Overseas Development Institute, UK.

Joseph E. Stiglitz was awarded the Nobel Prize in economics in 2001 and is a Professor at Columbia University. He was Chief Economist and Senior 

Vice-President of the World Bank from 1997–2000 and Chair of President Clinton’s Council of Economic Advisors from 1995–97.

1.Will the Doha Round Deliver for Development?
— Ivan Mbirimi

2.Aid For Trade
— Joseph E. Stiglitz and Andrew Charlton

3.Implications of the Hong Kong Ministerial Declaration
    on Duty-free and Quota-free Access for Least
    Developed Countries
— Jane Kennan and Christopher Stevens

4.Addressing Global Cotton Subsidies:
   Uprooting the Seeds of Poverty
— David Primack

Index

Mohammad A. Razzaque is an Economic Adviser in the Economic Affairs Division, Commonwealth Secretariat, London, United Kingdom.

Edwin Laurent is Adviser and Head of the International Trade and Regional Cooperation Section, Economic Affairs Division, Commonwealth Secretariat, London, United Kingdom.

Nazneen Ahmed is a Research Fellow at the Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Srobonti Chattopadhyay is an MPhil Researcher at the Centre for Economic Studies and Planning, School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.

Roman Grynberg is Manager of the Economic Governance Programme, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, Fiji Islands.

Selim Raihan is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Economics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Nitesh Sahay is a Resource Person and Project Supervisor at the Poverty and Economic Policy (PEP) Network, Quebec, Canada.

Rizwana Siddiqui is Research Economist at the Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Sunil Thrikawala is Research Associate at the Department of Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.

Jeevika Weerahewa is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Agricultural Economics and Business Management, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.

Jean-François Huchet is Associate Professor, University of Rennes II. He has been the Head Economist at the Centre for Study of Contemporary China (CEFC), Hong Kong. He teaches at EHESS (Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris). He is a specialist of indus-try transformation and technological catching-up in China.

Xavier Richet is Professor, University Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris. He is a specialist of former socialist Eastern European countries, of post-socialist transition and Russian economy. In the framework of RECEP (Russian-European Center for Economic Policy), a joint EU-Russian think-tank, he has worked as an adviser to the Russian ministry of foreign trade on the economic transformation of Russia (2000-2002). His research includes technological change in several industries.

Joël Ruet, an alumni from Ecole des mines, Paris, is Fellow at the London School of Econo-mics. He has been Head Economist and Director of Centre de Sciences Humaines in New Delhi. He taught at Jawaharlal Nehru University and currently teaches at HEC (Hautes Etudes Commerciales, France). He works on infrastructure and State-industry relation.

Manmohan Agarwal Professor and Dean, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, has worked at the World Bank and the IMF. He is a member, Global Public Policies and Programs Team, World Bank.

Rigas Arvanitis Researcher, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement and Franco-Chinese Centre of Sociology of Industry and Technologies, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou.

Alokesh Barua Professor, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi. He has been a Commonwealth scholar in Warwick University, and a Fulbright scholar in University of Michigan.

Eric Brunat former Scientific Director at RECEP, Moscow, former Country Head, UNDP, Moscow, Minsk, Chisinau, is directing a EU-funded project in Kaliningrad and is Associate Professor at the University of Savoie.

Prabal Roy Chowdhury Professor, Indian Statistical Institute, Delhi.

Andrei Klepach Head of Macroeconomic Forecasting at the Russian Ministry of Economy and Trade, formerly Director of the Research Department in the Central Bank of Russia. He is Senior Fellow, Institute of Economic Forecasting, Russian Academy of Sciences.

Sugata Marjit Reserve Bank of India Professor of Industrial Economics, Centre for Studies in the Social Sciences, Calcutta.

Pierre Miège Researcher at EHESS, Paris and Zhongshan University, Guangzhou.

Ajitava Raychaudhuri Professor, and Head, Department of Economics, Jadavpur University, Calcutta.

Gulshan Sachdeva Professor, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi and member, editorial board, International Studies (Sage).

Hua Wang Researcher and teaches at EUROMED-Ecole de Management, Marseille.

Zhao Wei Researcher, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou.

Bibek Debroy is Secretary General, PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry, New Delhi. He is a professional economist and was educated in Presidency College (Calcutta), Delhi School of Economics and Trinity College (Cambridge). He has worked at Presidency College (Calcutta), Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics (Pune), Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (Delhi), National Council of Applied Economic Research (Delhi) and as Consultant, Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance, Government of India. He has been the Director of the Rajiv Gandhi Institute for Contemporary Studies (RGICS), Rajiv Gandhi Foundation, New Delhi. He was also the Director for a project known as LARGE, set up by the Ministry of Finance and UNDP to examine legal reforms. He is the author and editor of several books, papers and popular articles and is also Consulting Editor with Business Standard. Bibek Debroy’s special interests are international trade (in particular the WTO), law reform and the political economy of liberalisation in India. He has been listed in many bibliographies and has been a member of several government committees.

Debashis Chakraborty is Assistant Professor at the Indian Institute of Foreign Trade, New Delhi. Debashis has been educated at University of Calcutta and Centre for International Trade and Development, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi. He has worked on issues pertaining to international trade policy, WTO issues and Indian economic development, and published his research at various academic and policy forums in India and abroad. He has earlier worked in Rajiv Gandhi Institute for Contemporary Studies (RGICS), New Delhi as a researcher. Debashis has recently edited two titles on WTO and is currently working on a manuscript relating to Contract Farming in India.

Anthony B. Kim Research Associate in the Centre for International Trade and Economics (CITE) at the Heritage Foundation, Washington DC    

Brett D. Schaefer Jay Kingham Fellow in the International Regulatory Affairs in the Margaret Thatcher Center for Freedom at the Heritage Foundation, Washington DC.

Jean-Pierre Lehmann Professor of International Political Economy, International Institute for Management Development (IMD), Lausanne, Switzerland and Founding Director of The Evian Group.

John C. Hulsman Senior Research Fellow for European affairs in the Margaret Thatcher Center for Freedom at the Heritage Foundation, Washington DC., and a contributing editor to The National Interest.

Oindrila De Research Associate, Centre for Global Agreements Legislation and Trade, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), New Delhi.

P.D. Kaushik Director, Rajiv Gandhi Institute for Contemporary Studies, New Delhi.

Pavel Chakraborty Research Associate, Centre for Global Agreements Legislation and Trade, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), New Delhi.

Peter Draper Research Fellow, The South African Institute of International Affairs, Johannesburg.

Rahul Sen Fellow, Regional Economic Studies, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS), Singapore.

Razeen Sally Senior Lecturer, International Political Economy, London School of Economics, London and visiting Senior Research Fellow, ISEAS, Singapore.

Stephen Woolcock Lecturer, Department of International Relations, The London School of Economics, London.

Dipankar Sengupta is Fellow (Economics) at the Centre de Sciences Humaines, New Delhi. Prior to this, he taught economics at the School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. He was educated at the University of Calcutta and at the Centre for International Trade and Development, Jawaharlal Nehru University and his areas of interest include International Political Economy, Industrial Organisation Theory and Indian Economic Development and has published extensively on these subjects.

Debashis Chakraborty is Research Associate at the Rajiv Gandhi Institute for Contemporary Studies, New Delhi. He was educated at the University of Calcutta and at the Centre for International Trade and Development, Jawaharlal Nehru University and his areas of interest include International Trade, the interface between Law and Economics and Indian Economic Development. He has presented and published papers at various academic and policy forums in India and abroad.

Pritam Banerjee was formerly a Trade Policy analyst with the Confederation of Indian Industry. He has also been with the World Bank as a consultant in Washington DC. He was educated at Illinois Wesleyan University, London School of Economics and the Centre for International Trade and Development, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. His primary interests include GATS, International Services Supply Chains and Trade Facilitation in Services

Alice Pham is Researcher at Consumer Unity and Trust Society (CUTS) International, Jaipur.

Amir Ullah Khan is Fellow at the India Development Foundation, Gurgaon.

Anirudh Singhal is Consultant with the World Bank, Washington D.C.

Debashis Chakraborty is Research Associate at the RGICS, New Delhi.

Dipankar Sengupta is Economics Fellow, Centre de Science Humanines, New Delhi.

Els Reyner is Legal Adviser in M.V. Kini & Co, New Delhi.

Julien Chaisse is affiliated to the Institut d’Etudes Politiques d’Aix-en-Provence, University of Aix-Marseille III as a teacher and a researcher.

K.D. Raju is Assistant Director, Amity Institute of Global Legal Education and Research, New Delhi.

Mayank Sinha is Research Associate, Global Agreements, Legislation and Trade (GALT), The Energy Research Institute (TERI), New Delhi.

Nilanjan Banik is Assistant Professor, Madras School of Economics, Chennai.

Nitya Nand is Policy Analysist at CUTS International, Jaipur.

Nivedita Dutta, formerly Research Associate at TERI is enrolled in the Ph.D. Economics programmeme in the Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai.

Pavel Chakravarty is Research Associate, GALT, TERI, New Delhi.

Pradeep Mehta is the Sectretary-General of CUTS International, Jaipur.

Pritam Banerjee, formerly Trade Analyst with the Confederation of Indian Industry is in the Ph.D. programmeme of Department of Public Policy, George Mason University, Washington D.C.

Sachin Chaturvedi is Fellow, Research and Information System for the Non-Aligned and Other Developing Countries (RIS) and Managing Editor, Asian Biotechnology and Development Review, New Delhi.

Sandwip Kumar Das is Professor at the International Trade and Development Division, JNU, New Delhi.

Saon Ray is Assistant Professor at TERI School, New Delhi.

Saurabh Bandopadhyay is Economist at the National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER), New Delhi.

Subhodip Ghosh is an Economist at Bengal Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Kolkata.

Suparna Karmakar is Consultant at the Indian Council for Research in International Economic Relations, New Delhi.

Swapan Bhattacharya is Associate Professor, Indian Institute of Public Administration, New Delhi.

S.R. Rao is Director, Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science & Technology, New Delhi.

Toposhmito Sengupta is Research Associate at NCAER, New Delhi.

Upasana Gaur is a Research Associate, GALT, TERI, New Delhi.

Yashika Singh is Leader, Economic Analysis Group, Dun and Bradstreet Information Services India Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai.

Bibek Debroy is Director of the Rajiv Gandhi Institute for Contemporary Studies (RGICS), Rajiv Gandhi Foundation, New Delhi. He is a professional economist and was educated in Presidency College (Calcutta), Delhi School of Economics and Trinity College (Cambridge). He has worked at Presidency College (Calcutta), Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics (Pune), Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (Delhi), National Council of Applied Economic Research (Delhi) and as Consultant, Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance, Government of India. He was also the Director for a project known as LARGE, set up by the Ministry of Finance and UNDP to examine legal reforms. He is the author and editor of several books, papers and popular articles and is also Consulting Editor with Business Standard. Bibek Debroy’s special interests are international trade (in particular the WTO), law reform and the political economy of liberalisation in India. He has been listed in many bibliographies and has been a member of several government committees.

Debashis Chakraborty is Research Associate at the Rajiv Gandhi Institute for Contemporary Studies, New Delhi. He has worked on trade policy issues and Indian economic development. He is a Doctoral Scholar at the Centre for International Trade and Development Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi. Debashis Chakraborty is also a co-editor of the recently published Beyond the Transition Phase of WTO: An Indian Perspective on Emerging Issues (Academic Foundation, 2006).

Bibek Debroy is Director, Rajiv Gandhi Institute for Contemporary Studies, Rajiv Gandhi Foundation, New Delhi. He has authored/ edited several books, papers and popular articles and is also Consulting Editor, Business Standard.

Brink Lindsey is Vice President for Research at the Cato Institute in Washington, D.C., and the Director of the Center for Trade Policy Studies at the Institute. Lindsey has written and spoken widely on international economic issues at various forums. He is also an attorney with extensive experience in international trade regulation.

Daniel Ikenson is a Trade Policy Analyst at the Center for Trade Policy Studies, Cato Institute in Washington, D.C. Ikenson has focused on a variety of trade topics, although his research emphasis has been on the subject of anti-Dumping reform.

Debashis Chakraborty is Research Associate at the Rajiv Gandhi Institute for Contemporary Studies, New Delhi. He has worked on trade policy issues and Indian economic development. He is a Doctoral Scholar at the Centre for International Trade and Development Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi.

Fredrik Erixon is the Chief Economist of the Swedish think-tank Timbro. He has written extensively on trade, development and international economics and his new book on post-war international political economy, Quid Pro Quo. Aid, Bretton Woods, Bankruptcy, will be published in late 2005.

K.D. Raju is Assistant Director, Amity Centre on WTO and Lecturer at Amity Law School, New Delhi. He is also a Doctoral Scholar at the Centre for Studies in Diplomacy, International Law & Economics, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi.

Yuefen Li is Senior Economic Affairs Officer in the Division on Globalisation and Development Strategies at UNCTAD, Geneva. She is also a guest professor at Tsinghua University, China. Li has written extensive on trade policy issues.

Johan Norberg is a fellow at the Swedish think-tank Timbro. His present book In Defence of Global Capitalism has received rave reviews in Europe. He is also the host of a British Channel 4 documentary, "Globalisation is Good."

Norberg's previous books include The Resistance Man, Vilhelm Moberg and State, Individual, and Market.

In Defence of this Book (BIBEK DEBROY)

Preface

1.Every day in every way

   The half truth

   Poverty reduction

   Hunger

   Education

   Democratisation

   Oppression of women

   China

   India

   Global inequality

   Reservations

2.... and it's no coincidence

   That's capitalism for you!

   Growth-a blessing

   Freedom or equality? Why choose?

   Property rights-for the sake of the poor

   The East Asian "miracle"

   The African morass

3.Free trade is fair trade

   Mutual benefit

   Important imports

   Free trade brings growth

   No end of work

   Freedom of movement-for
   people as well

4.The development of the developing
   countries

   An unequal distribution-of capitalism

   The white man's shame

   The case of Latin America

   On the trade route

   "Let them keep their tariffs"

   The debt trap

   The right medicine

5.Race to the top

   I'm all for free trade, but...

   Child labour

   But what about us?

   Big is beautiful

   "Gold and green forests"
 

6.Irrational, international capital?

   The leaderless collective

   Regulate more?

   Tobin tax

   The Asian crisis

   Instead of crisis

   The "dictatorship of the market"

7.Liberalise, don't standardise

   The right to choose a culture

   The onward march of freedom

   References

   Index

Bibek Debroy is Secretary General, PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry, New Delhi. He is a professional economist and was educated in Presidency College (Calcutta), Delhi School of Economics and Trinity College (Cambridge). He has worked at Presidency College (Calcutta), Gokhle Institute of Politics and Economics (Pune), Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (Delhi), National Council of Applied Economic Research (Delhi) and as a Consultant, Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance, Government of India. He has been the Director of the Rajiv Gandhi Institute for Contemporary Studies (RGICS), Rajiv Gandhi Foundation, New Delhi. He was also the Director for a project known as LARGE, set up by the Ministry of Finance and UNDP to examine legal reforms. He is the author and editor of several books, papers and popular articles and has been consulting editor and columnist with Business Standard. Bibek Debroy's special interests are international trade (in particular the WTO), law reform and the political economy of liberalisation in India. He has been listed in many bibliographies and has been a member of several government committees.

Debashis Chakraborty is Assistant Professor at Indian Institute of Foreign Trade, New Delhi. Debashis has been educated at University of Calcutta and Centre for International Trade and Development, JNU. He has worked on issues pertaining to international trade policy, WTO issues and Indian economic development, and presented and published his research at various academic and policy forums in India and abroad. He has earlier worked in Rajiv Gandhi Institute for Contemporary Studies (RGICS), New Delhi as a researcher. Debashis has recently edited two titles on WTO and is currently working on a manuscript relating to contract farming in India.

Cengiz Bahçekapili 
Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Marmara University, Bahçelievler-Istanbul, Turkey.

Debashis Chakraborty 
Assistant Professor, Indian Institute of Foreign Trade, New Delhi.

Murat Çokgezen 
Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Marmara University, Bahçelievler-Istanbul, Turkey.

Bibek Debroy 
Secretary General, PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry, New Delhi.

Fredrik Erixon 
Chief Economist, Swedish Think Tank Timbro, Stockholm.

Daniel Ikenson 
Associate Director, Center for Trade Policy Studies, Cato Institute, Washington DC.

Kofi Oteng Kufuor 
Reader, School of Law, University of East London, London.

Yuefen Li 
Senior Economic Affairs Officer in the Division on Globalization and Development Strategies at UNCTAD, Geneva and Guest Professor at Tsinghua University, China.

Brink Lindsey 
Vice President for Research, Cato Institute, Washington DC and a Contributing Editor at Reason magazine.

K.D. Raju 
Deputy Secretary, PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry, New Delhi.

Nicola Theron 
Co-founder and the Managing Director, Econex, Cape Town and a Senior Lecturer at the Department of Economics, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa.

Professor Carlos M. Correa is Director of the University of Buenos Aires Masters Programme on Science and Technology Policy and Management. Trained originally both as a lawyer and as an economist, he has made a speciality of technology and intellectual property rights. A former public servant (he was Under- Secretary of State for Informatics and Development, 1984–89, and the Argentinian Government’s official delegate to GATT and WIPO during the negotiations on intellectual property rights), he has also acted as a consultant to many international and regional organizations, including UNCTAD, UNIDO, WHO, FAO, ECLA, the Interamerican Development Bank, and the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity. He has also been a Visiting Professor at various universities in Latin America, Spain and Canada. He is the author of several books and articles in international journals on issues of technology and intellectual property, including Intellectual Property Rights, the WTO and Developing Countries: The TRIPs Agreement and Policy Options (Zed Books and Third World Network, 2000).

Professor Nagesh Kumar is Director General at the Research and Information System for Developing Countries, New Delhi. From 1993 to 1998, Dr Kumar served on the faculty of the United Nations University – Institute for New Technologies (UNU/INTECH), Maastricht, the Netherlands, and directed its research on FDI and technology transfers in developing countries. He has also served as a consultant to the World Bank, UNDP, UNCTAD, UNIDO, UN–ESCAP, ILO, among other organizations. He graduated with a PhD in Economics from the Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi. He received the Exim Bank of India’s first International Trade Research Award and a GDN medal for best research in Tokyo for 2000. He serves as the Editor of the South Asia Economic Journal. Professor Kumar has written extensively on the developmental impact of MNEs and FDI, industrial and technology development policies, WTO issues, new technologies for development and on regional economic co-operation, among other themes. His recent books include Globalization, Foreign Direct Investment and Technology Transfers: Impact on and Prospects for Developing Countries (Routledge, 1998) and Globalization and the Quality of Foreign Direct Investment (OUP, 2002).

1.Introduction

    
   The context and objectives

   The chapter layout

Part one : FDI, development and national and
                international policy framework

2.Foreign direct investment, host government
   policy and development    

    
   Trends and patterns in FDI inflows and
   the North–South divide

   Developmental impact of FDI on the host
   economies: a selective review of the literature

   Role of government policy and performance
   requirements: experiences and evidence

   Concluding remarks

3.Multilateral Agreements on Investments:
   a historical background

        
   Need for international intervention

   Types of international intervention

   Regulatory interventions

   Promotional interventions

   Concluding remarks

   Appendices

   Draft United Nations Code of Conduct on
   Transnational Corporations as of Summer 1986

   Multilaterally agreed equitable principles and
   rules for the control of restrictive business practices

Part two The Agreement on Trade-Related
   Investment Measures and developing countries

4.The Agreement on Trade-Related
   Investment Measures

        
   Negotiating TRIMs in the Uruguay
   Round

   Provisions of the TRIMs Agreement

   Concluding remarks

5.Implications of the TRIMs agreement for
   developing countries and the way forward

        
   Interpretation and implementation of the
   TRIMs Agreement

   An assessment of the TRIMs Agreement

   Reviewing the TRIMs Agreement

Part three Multilateral frameworks on investment:
early attempts and relevance

6.Attempts to evolve a Multilateral Treaty on
   Investment: the OECD’s MAI

        
Main elements of the draft MAI

Concluding remarks

7.A multilateral framework on investment in
   the WTO: is there a case for it?    

    
   Conceptual relevance of a GATT-type
   framework

   FDI policy and the level of development

   MFI and the magnitude of FDI inflows

   Asymmetric approach of multilateral
   framework

   Existing bilateral and multilateral frameworks
   for investment protection and dispute settlement

   Is there a grand bargain for developing countries?

   Concluding remarks: is there a case for an MFI?

   Part four Options for developing countries

        
8.From Doha to Cancun and beyond: options
   for developing countries

        
   Options for developing countries

   Incorporating a ‘development dimension’ in a possible MFI

Concluding remarks

Bibliography

Index

Volume I

Foreword by Pranab Mukherjee  

1. The Emergence of the Indian National Congress

2. The Militant Nationalists

3. And Then Gandhiji Came

4. Khilafat and Non-Cooperation

5. India in the 1920s

6. Civil Disobedience and After

7. Princely India in the Freedom Struggle

8. National Movement During the Second World War

9. Towards Freedom

10. The Nehru Era

11. Indira Gandhi

12. Rajiv Years

13. Narasimha Rao Government: The Phase of Economic Reforms

14. Years in Opposition

15. Congress in Coalition

16. Second Innings under Sonia Gandhi’s Leadership

Volume II

Annexures

List of Congress Sessions

Extracts from Select Resolutions/Manifestos

A. Extracts from Addresses of Congress Presidents

B. Other Significant Speeches

Brief Life Sketches of Congress Presidents

Members of the Interim Government of India

The Central Cabinet

Provincial Chief Ministers (Premiers)

Siddiq Wahid is at present a Senior Fellow at the Centre for Policy Research, New Delhi. He was formerly Vice Chancellor of Islamic University, Kashmir; Gulab Singh Chair Professor of History, Jammu University and Director, Institute of Kashmir Studies, Kashmir University. He has taught in the US in his field of study, which are Central Asian and Tibetan History. Prof Wahid has published widely and the latest (2015) is a forthcoming chapter on historical Gilgit, Baltistan, Ladakh and Kashmir for an anthology of the Himalaya.

Claude Arpi

Nani Bath

Sonam Joldan 

Sanjay Chaturvedi 

Ananta Swarup B. De Gurung 

Sunanda K. Datta-Ray 

Tashi Phuntsok 

Sangeeta Thapliyal 

Thubten Samphel 

Chetan Singh 

Bijay Thapa 

Tshering Doma Kaleon 

Man Norbu 

Tenzin Norbu